Canada Gazette, Part I, Volume 158, Number 25: Regulations Amending the Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016 (Amendment 18)

June 22, 2024

Statutory authority
Energy Efficiency Act

Sponsoring department
Department of Natural Resources

REGULATORY IMPACT ANALYSIS STATEMENT

(This statement is not part of the Regulations.)

Executive summary

Issues: Canada’s building sector (including homes, commercial and institutional buildings) and industrial sector are a significant contributor to Canada’s total energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Regulating the energy use of products is one of many tools available to the Government to reduce energy consumption and support the goal of net-zero emissions by 2050. This is often achieved by harmonizing regulatory requirements with our principal North American trading partner (the United States), and at this time, there are unnecessary regulatory differences across jurisdictions, which can hinder cross-border trade and investment and ultimately impose a cost on citizens, businesses, and economies. In this context, regulatory actions are necessary for some energy-using products to keep pace with changes that have taken place in the United States. Also, adjustments in the Regulations are necessary to adapt quickly and maintain harmonization with changes that take place in the United States and address regulated parties’ requests to maintain harmonization with the United States in a timely matter. Finally, some products require going further than the United States on energy efficiency standards to drive more significant energy savings and assist with the Government’s goal to reduce GHG emissions and achieve net-zero by 2050.

Description: This Amendment would add or update energy efficiency and testing standards for several newly and currently regulated energy-using products to harmonize with the United States. Also, this Amendment would expand the use of ambulatory incorporation by reference (to U.S. standards or NRCan technical standards documents), as well as position NRCan to exercise Ministerial Regulations for more energy-using products to adjust quickly to changes and maintain harmonization in the future, where appropriate. Furthermore, the Amendment would include transitional provisions for specific products during which regulated parties would have the opportunity, on a voluntary basis, to comply more quickly with the new requirements (voluntary early compliance). Finally, the Amendment would introduce more stringent energy efficiency standards than in the United States for some products to assist with achieving net-zero by 2050.

Rationale: The Amendment would benefit Canadians by reducing energy consumption and resulting greenhouse gas emissions of products used in homes, commercial and institutional buildings, and industries. Homeowners, businesses, institutions, and industries would benefit from reduced energy costs associated with the use of more efficient technologies.

Throughout the development of the Amendment, stakeholders were provided several opportunities to comment on the changes being considered. Overall, although regulated parties are generally supportive of the Amendment and recognize its potential benefit for consumers, utility programs, and climate change, some product-specific concerns have been expressed.

The present value of the net benefits of the Amendment is estimated to be about $51 billion by 2050, with total benefits exceeding total costs by a ratio of more than 9:1. By 2050, the present value of benefits and costs from the Amendment is estimated to be about $57 billion and $6.2 billion, respectively. On an annualized average basis, this equates to benefits and costs of about $2.9 billion and $306 million, respectively. The Amendment is estimated to result in a total annual reduction of energy consumption in Canada of about 58 petajoules and 3.3 megatonnes of greenhouse gas emission reductions in 2050; and total cumulative energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission reductions of approximately 1 152 petajoules and 65 megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent by 2050.

The quantified benefits have been calculated as the sum of the energy savings and the benefits of reductions in greenhouse gas emissions over the service life of products shipped by 2050. The quantified costs include incremental technology costs to meet the more stringent standards, and administrative and compliance costs for businesses and the government.

If Canada does not amend the Regulations, select requirements would unintentionally be misaligned with key testing standards from the United States, which could impact cross-border trade, would require companies to test differently for Canada, and ultimately increase costs for citizens, businesses, and economies. In addition, in the absence of a regulatory approach, a market for low-efficiency products would continue.

Issues

Canada’s building sector (including homes and commercial and institutional buildings) and industrial sector are a significant contributor to Canada’s total energy consumption and GHG emissions. The levels of GHG emissions in the building sector are largely determined by the energy-using products used. Products that combust fossil fuels to generate heat can lead to direct carbon dioxide emissions at the site, while products that consume electricity can contribute to GHG emissions at the point of electricity generation. For instance, in 2021, the building sector and industrial sector accounted for over 17% and 41% of national GHG emissions respectively according to data from Natural Resources Canada’s (NRCan) Comprehensive Energy Use Database and from Environment and Climate Change Canada’s National Inventory Report: Greenhouse Gas Sources and Sinks In Canada (where the numbers include electricity-related emissions).

Regulating the energy use of products is one of many tools available to the Government to reduce energy consumption, ensure a competitive, more sustainable and resilient economy, and support the goal of net-zero emissions by 2050. This is often achieved by harmonizing regulatory requirements with our principal North American trading partner (the United States), and at this time, there are unnecessary differences across jurisdictions on energy efficiency or testing standards of products which can hinder cross-border trade and investment and ultimately impose a cost on citizens, businesses, and economies. For example, divergence in testing standards for energy-using products may impose extra costs on industries, compelling them to conduct redundant tests for the same product model to meet both Canadian and U.S. requirements. This scenario could result in reduced product availability and increased costs for Canadians. Furthermore, variations in energy efficiency standards might lead to more inefficient products in the Canadian market, translating to diminished energy savings for the country.

In this context, regulatory actions are necessary at this time for some energy-using products to keep pace with changes that have taken place in the United States. In addition, other products require going further than the United States on energy efficiency standards to drive more significant energy savings and assist with the Government’s goal to reduce GHG emissions and achieve net-zero by 2050, where it is technically and economically feasible and appropriate.

Finally, regulated parties have requested that harmonization with the United States be maintained more effectively, necessitating adjustments in the Regulations to adapt quickly and maintain harmonization with changes that take place in the United States.

Background

In 1992, Parliament passed Canada’s Energy Efficiency Act (the Act). The Act provides for the making and enforcement of regulations for energy-using products, which are imported or shipped inter-provincially for the purpose of sale or lease by a dealer, to meet prescribed energy efficiency standards.

A “dealer” is defined under the Act as a person engaged in the business of (a) manufacturing energy-using products in Canada, (b) importing energy-using products into Canada, or (c) selling or leasing energy-using products obtained directly or indirectly from a person engaged in a business described in paragraph (a) or (b) or an agent thereof.

The Energy Efficiency Regulations, which came into force in 1995 to reduce energy consumption in Canada, continue to be after numerous amendments a key tool to contribute to a competitive, sustainable, and resilient economy, and to reduce energy consumption and accelerate action to fight climate change through reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.

NRCan equipment-focussed programs are part of a larger ecosystem of programs designed to improve the energy efficiency of Canada’s homes, businesses, institutions, industries, and transportation. For example, NRCan has administered the ENERGY STAR for Products program in Canada since 2001. The program sets voluntary specifications for products and identifies the top 15% to 30% of energy efficiency performers with an ENERGY STAR® symbol. The ENERGY STAR® symbol makes choosing energy-efficient products easy for consumers (in the document, “consumers” refers to households, businesses, institutions, and industries). Therefore, the ENERGY STAR® program encourages manufacturers to produce affordable high-efficiency products so that consumers can easily recognize their products as a good choice to lower energy costs. Further the ENERGY STAR for Industry recognizes industrial and manufacturing facilities who commit to improving energy performance for the full facility, through the ENERGY STAR Challenge and ENERGY STAR Certification programs. NRCan also launched the Canada Greener Homes Initiative in 2021, which provides homeowners incentives to purchase more energy-efficient products, including space heating or water heating products. The Green Industrial Facilities and Manufacturing Program also provides incentives for Industrial and Manufacturing sectors including retrofits and improved use of process equipment.

In 2016, the Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016 (the Regulations) replaced the original Energy Efficiency Regulations to remove references to obsolete and out-of-date standards and improve the organization of the regulatory text, making it easier for regulated parties to find and understand the requirements that apply to them. The Regulations are regularly amended to add or update energy efficiency standards, testing standards, prescribed information, and verification requirements for energy-using products used in the residential, commercial, institutional and industrial sectors (for more details, see previous Regulatory announcements). Strengthening the level of energy efficiency standards for products contribute to the elimination of the least efficient products from the Canadian market.

Harmonizing energy-using product standards between Canada and the United States reduces burdens for regulated parties and aids in achieving mutual goals to reduce energy-related GHG emissions. In 2017, the amendments to the Act gave the federal government more tools and greater flexibility to facilitate continued harmonization of Canada’s energy efficiency standards, testing standards, and prescribed information with those of trading partners. Tools include use of incorporation by reference of a technical standards document, as amended from time to time, and the use of Ministerial Regulations for the purpose of harmonizing for the former tool and maintaining harmonization for the later tool Canadian requirements with those of another jurisdiction (usually the United States).

A “technical standards document” is defined under the Act as a document that is published in both official languages by the Minister and that adapts, combines, or reproduces, in whole or in part, documents that are produced by jurisdictions, standards development organizations or industry associations and that, for energy-using products or classes of energy-using products, set out requirements or guidance related to those requirements. The adaptations may include modifications to the content of the originating document. Incorporation of a technical standards document is made for the purpose of harmonization.

In 2018, Amendment 14, the Regulations Amending the Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016: SOR/2018-201, was published in the Canada Gazette, Part II. At that time, the Regulatory Impact Analysis Statement stated that five industry associations submitted a joint letter during the public comment period requesting that NRCan, exercise the new Ministerial Regulating powers in order to more effectively maintain harmonization with other jurisdictions. NRCan agrees that harmonizing standards is a priority to meet commitments under the Canada–United States Regulatory Cooperation Council and federal-provincial-territorial collaboration. Later in 2022, Amendment 17, Regulations Amending the Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016 (Amendment 17): SOR/2022-265, specified for the first time a list of various energy-using products that could be considered for Ministerial Regulations in the future.

When combined, regulated energy efficiency standards, ENERGY STAR® programs, and incentives for more efficient products drive product innovation through cycles of continuous improvement. Energy efficiency standards and labelling programs are also among the most cost-effective GHG emissions reduction policies and are the cornerstone of energy efficiency and climate change programs in more than 80 countries.footnote 1 According to the International Energy Agency, improvements to the energy efficiency of products are some of the lowest-cost options available today for reducing energy consumption and associated emissions, with typical society benefit-cost ratios of 4:1, while providing net financial benefits to individuals and the community. Other benefits include employment, product innovation, water savings, improvements in air quality, and the reduction of public expenditures on health and infrastructure.footnote 2

Below is a list of government plans, memorandums of understanding and strategies, for which the proposed Amendment would demonstrate concrete actions on the commitments made in each of these plans.

In 2018, the Memorandum of Understanding between the Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat and the United States Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs Regarding the Canada–United States Regulatory Cooperation Council was signed to move forward on energy efficiency and foster harmonization of federal regulations where feasible and appropriate. Later in June 2021, NRCan and the United States Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) signed the Memorandum of Understanding Between the Department of Natural Resources of Canada and the Department of Energy of the United States of America Concerning Cooperation on Energy, which acknowledges that both countries will collaborate on new and updated energy efficiency and testing standards.

Canada’s transition to a clean energy future and its commitment to reach net-zero emissions by 2050 requires collective action to reduce GHG emissions. Major reductions can be achieved by making our homes, buildings, and industries (and the appliances and equipment in them) more energy efficient. Multiple actions to achieve reductions have been outlined in various Government of Canada plans including Canada’s 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan: Canada’s Next Steps for Clean Air and a Strong Economy (2030 Emissions Reduction Plan), published in 2022. This 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan builds on continuing work in Canada’s strengthened climate plan (released in 2020) and the Pan-Canadian Framework on Clean Growth and Climate Change (adopted in 2016), which include actions to improve energy efficiency standards for appliances and equipment, to help achieve the more ambitious climate target of 40–45% emissions reductions by 2030.footnote 3

The Government’s 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan outlines the next steps to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050 in multiple sectors. The plan identifies scaling up solutions in four areas to achieve net-zero in the building sector. These areas are: (1) net-zero energy sources to support eliminating fossil fuel combustion for heating; (2) efficient building envelopes; (3) efficient appliances and systems within buildings; and (4) the use of low carbon and net-zero building materials. Regulatory action to restrict the sale of lower efficiency appliances and fossil fuel heating systems, as well as establishing mandatory building GHG emissions and energy efficiency standards are outlined as important methods to assist in the Government’s goal to reduce GHG emissions and achieve net-zero emissions by 2050.

The 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan also highlights the importance of decarbonizing Canada’s heavy industry sector, which includes mining and manufacturing of various industrial and commercial products, for meeting Canada’s 2030 climate target, and especially net-zero emissions by 2050, while creating jobs and building a sustainable, globally competitive economy. The plan recognizes that in addition to the need to overcome challenges to decarbonization, such as energy-intensive processes and hard-to-abate process emissions associated with chemical processes, competitiveness in a low-carbon economy will require the heavy industry sector to use energy more efficiently.

The Federal Sustainable Development Strategy for 2022 to 2026 presents the Government of Canada’s sustainable development goals and targets, as required by the Federal Sustainable Development Act. NRCan actions to support this Strategy are described in its 2023 to 2027 Departmental Sustainable Development Strategy. These actions include regulatory amendments to increase the stringency of energy efficiency standards for products used in the residential, commercial and industrial sectors.

In 2022, NRCan also published the Discussion Paper / July 2020 - The Canada Green Buildings Strategy (PDF), which supports Canada’s climate goals by creating a framework for current and potential federal actions essential to reaching net-zero emissions in the building sector by 2050. These potential future actions include, among others, the work on standards, labelling, and incentive programs to drive important improvements in how buildings, homes, and the products within them, consume energy. NRCan is planning to publish the Strategy which is currently in development.

More recently, Canada has endorsed along with over 120 countries the Global Renewables and Energy Efficiency Pledge which was officially launched on December 2, 2023, during the World Climate Action Summit, at COP-28. This initiative aims to accelerate the scaling up of renewables and energy efficiency progress by 2030, in line with commitments to keep global warming within 1.5°C and reach net-zero by 2050. While the aspirational goal of the Pledge is to double the global annual energy efficiency rate from about 2% to 4%, which Canada already reports to under UN Sustainable Development Goal 7, the overall focus is on each nation working towards doubling its annual progress. In Canada’s case, that means going from about 1% per year to about 2%. It is to note that Canada’s energy intensity improved by approximately 11.3% between 2010 and 2020 (latest available data) and maintained an annual average improvement of about 1.3% (Canada’s methodology is based on secondary energy use, whereas the Global Pledge is measured based on total primary energy supply since many countries do not have end-use sector data).

Objective

The objectives of the Amendment are to:

Description

The Amendment would add or update energy efficiency and testing standards for several newly and currently regulated energy-using products, focussing on key changes needed to harmonize with the United States, to the extent possible.

The Amendment would also expand the use of ambulatory incorporation by reference, to U.S. standards or NRCan technical standards documents reproducing U.S. standards; and make adjustments to use Ministerial Regulations for additional energy-using products to maintain harmonization in the future, as appropriate.

In some cases, the Amendment would introduce more stringent energy efficiency standards than the United States, to assist with achieving net-zero by 2050, when necessary.

In particular, the Amendment would

Note that in this document, a reference to a U.S. standard means a reference to a standard specified in Title 10 to the United States Code of Federal Regulations (U.S. CFR).

A more detailed description of the Amendment is provided below. The definitions provided below are simplified to provide a general sense of the type of products covered, but actual scope, inclusions and exclusions are found in the Regulations.

(a) Introduce products into the Regulations with associated requirements for energy efficiency standards, testing standards, verification, and provision of information

Air compressors

An air compressor is a machine that compresses air to a pressure suitable for operating devices in industry such as power tools, nail guns, high-pressure spraying equipment, etc.

The Amendment would incorporate the new U.S. energy efficiency and testing standard, as amended from time to time. The requirements under consideration would apply to air compressors manufactured on or after January 10, 2025, in harmonization with the U.S. compliance date.

Faucets

A faucet is a device by which the flow of water in a dwelling or building can be controlled. It includes lavatory faucets, kitchen faucets, metering faucets, or replacement aerators for a lavatory or kitchen faucet and does not include pot fillers nor low-pressure water dispensers. A replacement aerator is an aerator sold as a replacement, separate from the faucet to which it is intended to be attached.

The Amendment would adopt energy efficiency standards harmonized with the current U.S. standards for metering faucets and with the current California standards for non-metering faucets (the state of California standards are more stringent than federal U.S. standards for non-metering faucets). The Amendment would also incorporate the current U.S. testing standard, as amended from time to time. The energy efficiency standards would introduce a maximum flow rate that would limit the quantity of water passing through the product. The requirements under consideration would apply to faucets manufactured on or after July 1, 2026.

Line-voltage thermostats

A line voltage thermostat is a thermostat that is an electronic or mechanical regulating device that is intended for line voltage (120 to 240 V) switching of a controlled resistive heating load. It includes a wall-mounted thermostat used with baseboards, panel convectors or radiant floors; a built-in thermostat (from 1000 to 1500 W) used in baseboards or panel convectors; and two-component thermostats.

The Amendment would incorporate the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) standard CSA C828-19, as amended from time to time, for the testing and energy efficiency standards. British Columbia and Ontario have already adopted these standards for line voltage thermostats. The requirements under consideration would apply to line voltage thermostats manufactured on or after January 1, 2025.

Pool pumps

A pool pump is a pump that is typically used with a residential pool or spa with an output power that is less than 1.865 kW (2.5 hp).

The Amendment would incorporate the current U.S. energy efficiency and testing standards, as amended from time to time. The requirements under consideration would apply to pool pumps manufactured on or after January 1, 2025.

Showerheads

A showerhead is a component or set of components for attachment to a single water supply fitting, for spraying water onto a bather, typically from an overhead position. The definition of a showerhead would not include safety shower showerheads.

The Amendment would adopt energy efficiency standards harmonized with the current standards of the state of California and other states, which are more stringent than in the United States, and incorporate the current U.S. testing standard, as amended from time to time. The energy efficiency standards would introduce a maximum flow rate that would limit the quantity of water passing through the product. The requirements under consideration would apply to showerheads manufactured on or after July 1, 2026.

(b) Expand the scope of some currently regulated products and introduce or update energy efficiency and testing standards

Room air conditioners (Division 2, Subdivision A)

A room air conditioner is prescribed as an energy-using product in the Regulations. Room air conditioner means a single-phase electric air conditioner that has a cooling capacity of 10.55 kW (36,000 Btu/h) or less. Room air conditioners do not include packaged terminal air conditioners, portable air conditioners, or single package vertical air conditioners. Room air conditioners are typically used in the residential sector.

The Amendment would incorporate an NRCan technical standards document, as amended from time to time, that would reproduce the U.S. testing and energy efficiency standards. The Amendment would also make some adjustments to the labelling requirements. For products manufactured before May 26, 2026, the standards would remain harmonized with the CSA standards currently referenced in the Regulations. For products manufactured on or after May 26, 2026, new standards would apply, in harmonization with the U.S. compliance date.

Large air conditioners (Division 2, Subdivision B)

A large air conditioner is prescribed as an energy-using product in the Regulations. Large air conditioner means a commercial or industrial unitary air conditioner with a cooling capacity of at least 19 kW (65,000 Btu/h) but less than 223 kW (760,000 Btu/h). Large air conditioner does not include single package vertical air conditioner. The Amendment would only apply to large air conditioners that are air-cooled.

The Amendment would incorporate the current U.S. testing standards, as amended from time to time, as an alternative testing option, and strengthen energy efficiency standards to harmonize with the current more stringent U.S. energy efficiency standards (for tier 2). No changes to the testing and energy efficiency standards would be considered for tier 1 since these standards are already harmonized with those in the U.S. CFR. The requirements under consideration (for tier 2) would apply to large air conditioners manufactured on or after January 1, 2023, in harmonization with the U.S. compliance date.

Single package central air conditioners (Division 2, Subdivisions D)

A single package central air conditioner is prescribed as an energy-using product in the Regulations. Single package central air conditioner means an air-source air conditioner, with rated capacity of less than 19 kW (65,000 Btu/h). It includes ducted and space-constrained single package air conditioners. Three-phase single package central air conditioners require a three-phase power supply. These air conditioners are typically used in small commercial and institutional buildings. This Amendment would only apply to three-phase single package central air conditioners.

The Amendment would incorporate the new U.S. testing standard, as amended from time to time, as the only testing option (removing the CSA standard), adopt new energy efficiency metrics and strengthen the energy efficiency standards to harmonize with the new U.S. levels. The requirements under consideration would apply to three-phase single package central air conditioners manufactured on or after January 1, 2025, in harmonization with the U.S. compliance date.

Split system central air conditioners (Division 2, Subdivisions F)

A split system central air conditioner is prescribed as an energy-using product in the Regulations. Split system central air conditioner means an air-source air conditioner with rated capacity of less than 19 kW (65,000 Btu/h). It includes ducted, ductless, space-constrained and small-duct high-velocity split system air conditioners. Three-phase split system central air conditioners require a three-phase power supply. These air conditioners are typically used in small commercial and institutional buildings. This Amendment would only apply to three-phase split system central air conditioners.

The Amendment would incorporate the new U.S. testing standard, as amended from time to time, as the only testing option (removing the CSA standard), adopt new energy efficiency metrics and strengthen the energy efficiency standards to harmonize with the new U.S. levels. The requirements under consideration would apply to three-phase split system central air conditioners manufactured on or after January 1, 2025, in harmonization with the U.S. compliance date.

Portable air conditioners (Division 2, Subdivision I)

A portable air conditioner is prescribed as an energy-using product in the Regulations. Portable air conditioner means a single package air conditioner that is portable and that is designed to deliver cooled and conditioned air to enclosed spaces, is powered by single-phase electric current and has a cooling capacity of less than 19 kW (65,000 Btu/h). The Amendment would only apply to single-duct and dual-duct portable air conditioners. These portable air conditioners are typically used in the residential sector.

The Amendment would introduce energy efficiency standards to harmonize with U.S. levels. No changes to the testing standard would be considered, since the Regulations already incorporate by reference, as amended from time to time, the U.S. testing standard as the only testing option. The Amendment would also introduce EnerGuide labelling requirements generally harmonized with the current U.S. Federal Trade Commission Energy Labeling Rule that requires EnergyGuide labels for portable air conditioners. The energy efficiency requirements under consideration would apply to portable air conditioners manufactured on or after January 10, 2025, in harmonization with the U.S. compliance date. The EnerGuide label requirements under consideration would apply to portable air conditioners manufactured on or after January 10, 2025.

Large heat pumps (Division 3, Subdivision C)

A large heat pump is prescribed as an energy-using product in the Regulations. Large heat pump means a commercial or industrial unitary heat pump that is intended for air-conditioning and space-heating applications and that has a cooling capacity of at least 19 kW (65,000 Btu/h) but less than 223 kW (760,000 Btu/h). Large heat pump does not include single package vertical heat pump. The Amendment would only apply to large heat pumps that are air-cooled.

The Amendment would incorporate the current U.S. testing standards, as amended from time to time, as an alternative testing option, and strengthen energy efficiency standards to harmonize with the current, more stringent U.S. levels (for tier 2). No changes to the testing and energy efficiency standards would be considered for tier 1 since these standards are already harmonized with those in the U.S. CFR. The requirements under consideration (for tier 2) would apply to large heat pumps manufactured on or after January 1, 2023, in harmonization with the U.S. compliance date.

Single package central heat pumps (Division 3, Subdivisions E)

A single package central heat pump is prescribed as an energy-using product in the Regulations. Single package central heat pump means an air-source heat pump, with rated capacity of less than 19 kW (65,000 Btu/h). It includes ducted and space-constrained single package heat pumps. Three-phase single package central heat pumps require a three-phase power supply. These heat pumps are typically used in small commercial and institutional buildings. This Amendment would only apply to three-phase single package central heat pumps.

The Amendment would incorporate the new U.S. testing standard, as amended from time to time, as the only testing option (removing the CSA standard), adopt new energy efficiency metrics and strengthen the energy efficiency standards to harmonize with the new U.S. levels. The Amendment would make the following adjustments to the U.S. requirements to ensure that three-phase single package central heat pumps available in Canada would be rated with efficiencies that represent operation in Canada’s colder climate: (i) require additional testing and information under cold climate conditions; and (ii) require that energy performance information be provided for Climate Region V (instead of Climate Region IV as in the United States). The requirements under consideration would apply to three-phase single package heat pumps manufactured on or after January 1, 2025, in harmonization with the U.S. compliance date.

Split system central heat pumps (Division 3, Subdivisions G)

A split system central heat pump is prescribed as an energy-using product in the Regulations. Split system central heat pump means an air-source heat pump, with rated capacity of less than 19 kW (65,000 Btu/h). It includes ducted, ductless, space-constrained and small-duct high-velocity split system heat pumps. Three-phase split system central heat pumps require a three-phase power supply. These heat pumps are typically used in small commercial and institutional buildings. This Amendment would only apply to three-phase split system central heat pumps.

The Amendment would incorporate the new U.S. testing standard, as amended from time to time, as the only testing option (removing the CSA standard), adopt new energy efficiency metrics and strengthen the energy efficiency standards to harmonize with the new U.S. levels. The Amendment would make the following adjustments to the U.S. requirements to ensure that three-phase split system central heat pumps available in Canada would be rated with efficiencies that represent operation in Canada’s colder climate: (i) require additional testing and information under cold climate conditions; and (ii) require that energy performance information be provided for Climate Region V (instead of Climate Region IV as in the United States). The requirements under consideration would apply to three-phase split system central heat pumps manufactured on or after January 1, 2025, in harmonization with the U.S. compliance date.

Gas furnaces (Division 4, Subdivision A)

A gas furnace is prescribed as an energy-using product in the Regulations. It does not include a furnace for a park model trailer or a recreational vehicle. A through-the-wall gas furnace means one that is designed and marketed to be installed in an opening in an exterior wall that is fitted with a weatherized sleeve. The Amendment would only apply to through-the-wall gas furnaces.

The Amendment would add a definition for “space-constrained” to replace the definition for “through-the-wall”, and to harmonize with the definitions of space-constrained air conditioners and heat pumps in the Regulations. The Amendment would repeal the fan energy rating (FER) requirement that is applicable to through-the-wall furnaces with a cooling component manufactured on or after January 1, 2024, to address the technical challenges associated with this requirement. The Amendment would also request new information on the type of blower fan motors to allow NRCan to monitor the technology used. The requirements under consideration would apply to gas furnaces manufactured on or after January 1, 2024.

Electric water heaters (Division 6, Subdivision A)

An electric water heater is prescribed as an energy-using product in the Regulations. “Electric water heater” means a stationary electric storage tank water heater that is intended for use on pressurized water systems and that has a nominal storage tank volume of at least 50 L (13.21 U.S. gallons). Household electric water heaters have an input rate of less than 12 kW (40,982 Btu/h). The Amendment would apply only to household electric water heaters.

The Amendment would incorporate the current U.S. testing standard, as amended from time to time, as the only testing option (removing the CSA standard), and update energy efficiency standards by keeping only one energy efficiency metric and strengthening the efficiency levels. The energy efficiency standards would be changed so that small electric water heaters having a nominal volume between 20 and 55 U.S. gallons (75 L and 208 L) inclusively would harmonize with the current U.S. standards. Those standards are also considered for electric water heaters with a nominal volume ≥13.2 but <20 U.S. gallons (≥50 L but <75 L) which would continue to be regulated, in contrast with the United States. The energy efficiency standards for larger electric water heaters (>55 U.S. gallons but ≤120 U.S. gallons, or >208 L but ≤454 L) would continue to be less stringent than those in the United States due to variations in Canadian operating conditions such as colder groundwater temperatures and higher set-point temperatures. The requirements under consideration would apply to household electric water heaters manufactured on or after January 1, 2025. However, there would be a transitional provision under which regulated parties would have the option to comply with the new or the former requirements for household electric water heaters manufactured on or after January 1, 2025, and before January 1, 2027.

Gas-fired storage water heaters (Division 6, Subdivision B)

A gas-fired storage water heater is prescribed as an energy-using product in the Regulations. Gas-fired storage water heater means a stationary gas-heated water container that uses propane or natural gas for fuel and has a nominal storage tank volume of at least 76 L (20 U.S. gallons). Household gas-fired storage water heaters have an input rate of less than or equal to 21.97 kW (75,000 Btu/h). This Amendment would only apply to household gas-fired storage water heaters.

The Amendment would incorporate the current U.S. testing standard, as amended from time to time, as the only testing option (removing the CSA standard) and update energy efficiency standards by keeping only one energy efficiency metric, without changing the efficiency levels. The testing and energy efficiency standards would be harmonized with the current U.S. standard. The requirements under consideration would apply to household gas-fired water storage heaters manufactured on or after January 1, 2025.

Oil-fired water heaters (Division 6, Subdivision C)

An oil-fired water heater is prescribed as an energy-using product in the Regulations. Oil-fired water heaters use oil for fuel and have a nominal storage tank volume of at least 76 L (20 U.S. gallons). Household oil-fired water heaters have an input rate of less than or equal to 30.5 kW (105,000 Btu/h). This Amendment would only apply to household oil-fired water heaters.

The Amendment would incorporate the current U.S. testing standard, as amended from time to time, as the only testing option (removing the CSA standard) and update energy efficiency standards by keeping only one energy efficiency metric, without changing the efficiency levels. The testing and energy efficiency standards would be harmonized with the current U.S. standard. The requirements under consideration would apply to household oil-fired water heaters manufactured on or after January 1, 2025.

Gas-fired instantaneous water heaters (Division 6, Subdivision D)

A gas-fired instantaneous water heater is prescribed as an energy-using product in the Regulations. Gas-fired instantaneous water heater means a flow-activated water heater that uses natural gas or propane for fuel and has a nominal storage tank volume that is less than or equal to 38 L (10 U.S. gallons) and an input rate to nominal volume ratio of not less than 309 W/L (4,000 Btu/h/U.S. gallon). Household gas-fired instantaneous water heaters have an input rate of less than 58.56 kW (200,000 Btu/h), have a nominal volume of no greater than 7.6 L (2 U.S. gallons) and are designed to provide hot water at a temperature no greater than 82 °C (180 °F). This Amendment would only apply to household gas-fired instantaneous water heaters.

The Amendment would incorporate the current U.S. testing standard, as amended from time to time, as the only testing option (removing the CSA standard). The requirements under consideration would apply to household gas-fired instantaneous water heaters manufactured on or after January 1, 2025.

General service lamps (Division 7, Subdivision B)

A general service lamp (GSL) is prescribed as an energy-using product in the Regulations. Currently, GSL means an electrical device that provides functional illumination and has a luminous flux of at least 310 lumens but not more than 2 600 lumens, a nominal voltage of at least 110 V but not more than 130 V or a nominal voltage range that lies at least partially between those voltages and a screw base. GSLs are typically used in the residential sector.

The Amendment would expand the scope of GSLs to harmonize with the current U.S. scope by consolidating existing regulatory categories for GSLs, modified spectrum incandescent lamps (MSILs), compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) and general service incandescent reflector lamps (GSIRLs), as well as including other currently unregulated lamps that are covered under the U.S. definition of GSLs. The Amendment would incorporate the current U.S. testing standards, as amended from time to time, as the only testing option (removing others including CSA, IES “Illuminating Engineering Society of North America,” and CIE “International Commission on Illumination”), and strengthen the energy efficiency standards by incorporating an NRCan technical standards document, as amended from time to time, to reproduce the current U.S. energy efficiency standards. The Amendment would also update labelling requirements to account for new lamp technologies under the expanded GSL scope. The energy efficiency and testing requirements under consideration would apply to general service incandescent lamps (which would include the existing GSL and MSIL) and GSIRL manufactured on or after January 1, 2024, and to other newly regulated GSLs, manufactured on or after January 1, 2025. The label requirements under consideration would apply to GSLs (those currently regulated and newly regulated) manufactured on or after January 1, 2026. Harmonizing labelling requirements with those in the United States is not being considered, based on the requirements for French and English labelling and consultations which highlighted the need to focus on more tangible metrics that better serve Canadian consumers.

(c) Update the list of energy-using products to ensure the Minister can exercise the Ministerial Regulations authority to maintain harmonization of requirements with another jurisdiction

The Amendment would add the following five products to the list of existing energy-using products specified for which energy efficiency standards, testing standards, and prescribed information could be amended through Ministerial Regulations in future regulatory processes (under section 11.1 of the Regulations) for the purposes of maintaining the harmonization of requirements:

Considerations

Ambulatory incorporation by reference

The use of ambulatory incorporation by reference to U.S. standards or NRCan technical standards documents reproducing U.S. standards throughout this Amendment would ensure that harmonization is maintained, in the Regulations, without disruption, even when the United States updates their requirements. Ambulatory incorporation by reference provides certainty to industry and reduces potential trade impacts, double testing, and minimizes the costs and obstacles of regulated parties operating in both markets.

Ambulatory incorporation by reference would point to bilingual documents where possible; however, unilingual standards would be incorporated when there are no available standards in French either through the CSA or through other international standard development organizations, and when the documents are very technical in nature and are aimed at regulated parties and testing bodies that conduct energy efficiency measurements.

Transitional provisions (voluntary early compliance)

The Amendment would include transitional provisions for specific products during which regulated parties would have the opportunity, on a voluntary basis, to comply with the new requirements before the actual coming into force of the regulations. Such transitional provisions would help reduce the burden for the industry, expedite products on the market that meet the new requirements, and harmonize with practices of the United States. More information on the products that would be covered by transitional provisions is provided later in this document under the section “Implementation, compliance and enforcement, and service standards.”

Regulatory development

Consultation

Due to the Amendment’s implications on international trade, the public will be given a 70-day period (from the day the Amendment is prepublished in the Canada Gazette, Part I) to provide their comments on the proposal.

Stakeholders, including regulated parties, consumers, and other interested parties were informed of the changes being considered in the Amendment and were provided opportunities to comment at several points since June 2022. Overall, stakeholders were generally supportive of the approach despite some concerns. Groups that were informed include, but are not limited to, manufacturers, distributors, importers, retailers, National Indigenous Organizations, including Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami, Assembly of First Nations, and the Metis Nation Council, as well as Indigenous technical organizations (organizations offering scientific expertise with the intent of supporting the interests of Indigenous communities), industry associations, provincial, territorial and international governments, federal departments, energy utilities, certification bodies, custom brokers, consumer associations, contractors, builders, energy efficiency advocates and non-governmental organizations, and other interested stakeholders who have signed to our mailing list. To subscribe to receive updates on energy-using products in Canada, see: Get updates on energy efficiency for products.

Activities undertaken

The key activities used to communicate details to, and gather comments from, the stakeholder community about the Amendment are outlined in chronological order below.

Publications and webinars

The information about publications and webinars has been distributed to stakeholders via targeted emails to over 6 000 stakeholders. In turn, many of these individuals and organizations forwarded this information, providing access to a large audience of stakeholders. The main publications and webinars made available to stakeholders include:

Meetings

In addition to the activities outlined above, NRCan held meetings with the main manufacturers’ associations impacted by the Amendment, to further inform them about the content of the Amendment. NRCan also met with other partners, including national and international departments, agencies and committees, to discuss the potential impact of the Amendment.

Other ongoing activities

NRCan also maintains the following ongoing activities that provide additional opportunities to inform and gather feedback from all stakeholders:

Summary of comments received from impacted parties

The following elaborates only where there were substantive discussions, describing how those discussions were taken into account in the development of the Amendment.

Comments that apply to a few products

Reconsideration of third-party verification

Regulated parties requested a reconsideration of third-party verification requirements for pool pumps, air compressors, GSLs.

It is not uncommon for regulated parties to be concerned about the potential for additional costs associated with third-party verification of newly regulated products. At least one manufacturer has indicated that due to verification costs, they would import fewer models into Canada, resulting in reduced consumer choice. In general, past experience has demonstrated that concerns about third-party verification requirements are alleviated once regulated parties are provided with more information and certification bodies begin to offer verification programs for newly regulated products.

In response to these concerns, NRCan is maintaining the use of third-party verification as the means of assessing compliance for all products. Third-party verification provides a level of independence, transparency, and credibility to the regulatory program. By requiring verification from a certification body accredited by the Standards Council of Canada, manufacturers and consumers are assured of a level playing field, where all products are treated with the same level of scrutiny and are assessed the same way.

NRCan continues to encourage manufacturer collaboration with certification bodies, however, to reduce compliance burden, a manufacturer’s own laboratory can be used to test a product provided that it satisfies the requirements of the certification body.

Product-specific comments

Air compressors

A comment received from one regulated party requested to include reciprocating air compressors in the scope of regulated air compressors and requested the adoption of a system approach for regulated products. Further, the stakeholder also expressed concerns about the difference in median high voltage between Canada and the United States.

In response to these concerns, NRCan is keeping the Amendment as proposed based on the following:

Reciprocating air compressors are excluded from the proposed regulatory changes due to the lack of data, at this time, to evaluate their energy efficiency. A system approach for regulating air compressors is not feasible currently as the Act provides for the making of regulations concerning efficiency standards for energy-using products, whereas a system approach implies that the product would be tested as installed and in the case of air compressors, this means including the connecting pipes and associated losses. Finally, the difference in the median high voltage between Canada and the United States is not a major issue. The key requirement for installation is the rated voltage of the air compressor.

Faucets and showerheads

Combined comments received from the Canadian Institute of Plumbing and Heating and Plumbing Manufacturers International were not opposed to testing nor regulating these products in principle, despite some concerns. The concerns expressed by these regulated parties were mainly about the effects of lowered flow rates on consumers, building inspectors, and Canadian water systems and their clients.

In response to these concerns, NRCan has consulted with key regulated parties and experts. While bearing in mind feedback, NRCan is keeping the Amendment as proposed, based on the following:

Concern: Consumers’ satisfaction, risks, and energy savings

Concern: Building water distribution systems design and energy savings

Concern: Building inspectors’ confusion

In contrast to Codes, the Regulations’ benefits would affect both retrofit and new-build markets because the Regulations apply to products shipped from one province to another or imported into Canada for the purpose of sale or lease.

Concern: Canadian water systems and clients

Pool pumps

Comments received from three manufacturers and the manufacturers association Pool and Hot Tub Council of Canada expressed concerns with the amount of time for manufacturers to comply with the proposed changes and requested additional time.

In response to these concerns, NRCan is now providing more time for compliance with the proposed regulatory changes, considering this is a newly regulated product. The period of manufacture would be January 1, 2025, rather than the originally considered January 1, 2021.

Large air conditioners and large heat pumps

Combined comments received from the Heating Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Institute and the Air Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute, which represents several HVAC industry stakeholders, as well as specific manufacturers, supported the general harmonization with the United States, despite some concerns. Overall, there were concerns over the proposed heating coefficient of performance at -8.3°C for heat pumps, and the amount of time to comply with the new energy efficiency standards.

In response to these concerns, NRCan is keeping the Amendment as proposed based on the following:

Concern: The heating coefficient of performance at -8.3°C for heat pumps

Concern: Amount of time to comply with the new energy efficiency requirements

Central air conditioners and central heat pumps

A comment received from one manufacturer and a joint comment received from two manufacturing associations, the Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute and the Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Institute of Canada supported the general harmonization with the United States, despite some concerns. The concerns expressed by these stakeholders were mainly about the additional testing requirements under cold climate conditions for central heat pumps, the need to avoid misalignment with the United States, and the accessibility to early compliance guidance.

In response to these concerns, NRCan offers the following:

Concern: Avoiding misalignment with the United States

Concern: Additional testing requirements under cold climate conditions for central heat pumps

Concern: The accessibility to early compliance guidance

Portable air conditioners

A comment received from the Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers (AHAM) expressed support for the Amendment, despite some concerns over the introduction of labelling requirements. AHAM strongly urged NRCan to ensure that new labels be as consistent as possible with those in the United States, with recognition that there would be some inconsistency due to differences in labelling schemes between the two countries. AHAM also requested that the labelling template for portable air conditioners be similar to the one for room air conditioners label. Finally, AHAM requested that NRCan provide guidance on how to include minimum and maximum performances on the label.

In response to these concerns, NRCan intends to harmonize labels with those in the United States, whenever possible, and within NRCan authority and policies. Also, the label template proposed for portable air conditioners would be similar to the one prescribed for room air conditioners, and NRCan would provide guidance as how to include minimum and maximum performances in the label before compliance date.

Room air conditioners

A comment received from the Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers (AHAM) expressed support for harmonizing all product categories, including room air conditioners, with the recent U.S. DOE activities.

In response to this comment, NRCan is now considering incorporating by ambulatory reference an NRCan technical standards document that would mirror the U.S. requirements for both testing and energy efficiency standards. Previously, the consideration was to only incorporate by ambulatory reference the U.S. testing standards (the Regulations is currently incorporating a CSA standard that is harmonized with the U.S. energy efficiency standards).

Water heaters

Combined comments received from the Heating Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Institute, the Air Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute, and the Canadian Institute of Plumbing and Heating, as well as specific manufacturers, supported the general harmonization with the United States, despite some concerns. For all water heaters subject to this Amendment, all the stakeholders expressed concerns about delays for harmonizing with the U.S. testing standard and definitions of measured and nominal volumes due to Canadian regulatory timelines. Only one manufacturer had concerns about the period of manufacture for oil-fired and gas-fired water heaters, whereas all the industry association expressed concerns over the period of manufacture for electric water heaters.

In addition, there were a few more concerns specific to electric water heaters. A manufacturer suggested that the energy efficiency standards take into account Canada’s cold climate. All industry associations suggested to either harmonize the timelines with the U.S. testing standard timelines or to provide alternative testing options. Finally, one manufacturer expressed concerns over the considered volume ranges.

In response to these concerns, NRCan is keeping the Amendment as proposed, based on the following:

Concern: Delays for harmonizing with the U.S. testing standard

Since Amendment 13, manufacturers of household oil-fired and gas-fired storage water heaters have had two testing standards to choose from when certifying compliance with the Regulations, including the CAN/CSA-P.3-15 testing standard that quantifies energy efficiency using the Uniform Energy Factor (UEF). Amendment 13 offered a transition period to using the UEF metric instead of the Energy Factor (EF) energy efficiency metric. This Amendment would keep only the current U.S. UEF metric.

The U.S. DOE rulemaking to update the Appendix E to Subpart B of Part 430 testing standard provided manufacturers the opportunity to engage in the development of that testing standard. Given that rulemaking having reached Final Rule, industry will have sufficient regulatory certainty for their work.

Concern: Potential issue on harmonization with the U.S. DOE on testing standard

Concern: Harmonizing with the U.S. DOE definitions of measured and nominal volumes

Nevertheless, to address stakeholders’ concerns NRCan has proposed to use the U.S. testing standard and to make a change to the volumetric definitions used for household hot water heaters to harmonize more closely with the U.S. nomenclature. However, the proposed changes would come into force six months following the publication of the Amendment into the Canada Gazette, Part II, which would not happen by January 1, 2024.

Concern: Period of manufacture and alternative testing options

For household electric water heaters, a transitional provision is proposed that would give regulated parties time to transition to the proposed testing standards and energy efficiency standards. Similar to the transition period that household oil-fired and gas-fired storage water heaters have had, a transitional provision would provide an option for electric water heaters between two testing and efficiency standards to choose from when certifying compliance with the Regulations. This proposed transitional provision would affect electric water heaters manufactured on or after January 1, 2025, until January 1, 2027. Electric water heaters manufactured beginning on or after January 1, 2027, would be subject only to the more stringent energy efficiency standards, and measured using the U.S. CFR testing standard.

Concern: The energy efficiency standards should take into account Canada’s cold climate for electric water heaters

The suggested testing standard characterizes the energy performance of the system-under-test in certain conditions. The policy intent of adopting the UEF efficiency metric is to facilitate the comparison of different water heating alternatives, and not to estimate the energy consumption of the system given the wide range of possible climates and installations – including the northern climates.

Concern: Considered volume ranges for electric water heaters

General service lamps

Comments received from Electro Federation Canada, which represents several lighting industry regulated parties, expressed concerns over the considered labelling requirements, when to comply with the new labelling requirements, and the impact of third-party verification.

In response to these concerns, NRCan is making some changes to the original proposal for the labelling requirements. Otherwise, NRCan is keeping the Amendment as proposed based on the following:

Concern: The scope of the labelling requirements

Concern: When the new labelling requirements would apply

Concern: Burden for manufacturers and confusion for consumers

Concern: Issue for smaller packaging size

Concern: Effective date and manufacturing dates

Concern: Capacity for verification by certification bodies

Concern: Burden and costs of verification marking

Concern: Scope of verification requirements for general service lamps

Modern treaty obligations and Indigenous engagement and consultation

Crown Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada, Indigenous Services Canada, and NRCan’s Indigenous sector (Nòkwewashk) were consulted on the assessments of the various obligations. A consultation framework was developed when amending the Regulations to ensure that Indigenous communities are informed and as engaged as they desire to respect the priorities and to avoid consultation fatigue.

The Amendment does not trigger the Crown’s duty to consult under section 35 of the Constitution Act, 1982, as it is technical in nature and will not have an impact on any existing Indigenous or treaty rights of Indigenous peoples of Canada recognized and affirmed.

The Amendment has no modern treaty implications given that this proposal does not have an impact on Indigenous land and resource management rights described in a modern treaty, does not include employment of federal officials or procurement activities in a geographic area subject to a modern treaty, and does not include any funding or resources.

The outreach activities and offer to engage that occurred so far are summarized below. It is also of note that the outreach will continue as the Amendment moves through the regulatory process to ensure the rights of Indigenous partners are respected, and that any impacts of the amendments on their communities is identified and discussed. NRCan remains ready to respond to questions and provide additional information upon request.

Indigenous engagement

NRCan has the desire to better understand how the Regulations impact Indigenous peoples / communities / other partners. Since fall 2022, NRCan has participated in events such as the Inuit Clean Energy workshop (hosted by Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami) and the Assembly of First Nations Asset Management Conference. NRCan has participated in meetings with the Métis National Council and Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami and has sent emails to all National Indigenous Organizations asking whether their respective communities would be interested in providing feedback on how we regulate energy-using products to save energy and money. Additionally, updates and information about the Regulations and Amendment 18 has been shared with Modern Treaty and Self-Government Agreement holders via email.

The Department will also continue to explore potential effects of the Regulations on Indigenous households through analyses that apply the gender-based analysis plus, as further explained later in this document (see the “Gender-based analysis plus” section).

Instrument choice

Maintaining the baseline scenario (no action)

Given Canada’s commitment to reach net zero by 2050 and the fact that in 2021, Canada’s building sector accounted for more than 17% of national emissions and the industrial sector used the most energy (more than 41%), maintaining the status quo would not contribute to incremental reductions towards the achievement of the net zero goal. Maintaining the status quo would also lead to missed opportunities to reduce energy consumption, leaving households with higher energy costs for cooling and heating their homes. Also, the status quo option would not deliver on the federal government’s commitment to foster harmonization of federal regulations where feasible and appropriate and would generate new compliance costs associated with unprevented, unnecessary regulatory differences between Canada and the United States.

Developing voluntary mechanisms

Under this approach, regulatory requirements for products covered by the Amendment would be repealed. Instead, voluntary agreements would be developed to encourage regulated parties to supply Canada with products meeting U.S. energy performance requirements. Under this scenario, Canada would lose the energy savings provided by products that have more stringent energy efficiency standards than the United States (for those already regulated products and proposed newly regulated products in this Amendment).

Also, voluntary mechanisms may not address energy consumption to the extent that a regulatory approach would. It would be impossible to impose compliance with voluntary standards and challenging to verify compliance given the vast number of products and models available on the market from various dealers. This would be a significant departure from the intent of the Energy Efficiency Act, and from the approach to advance energy efficiency adopted by Canada and many other countries.

This option may reduce costs for the industry since there would be no mandatory requirements for these products. However, such voluntary mechanisms would still require accounting for differences between the Canadian and U.S. climate conditions to ensure that products available in Canada provide Canadians with energy savings despite Canada’s cold climate. Furthermore, there would need to be some data submission and monitoring to ensure that expected results are achieved. Without mandatory reporting and verification, it would be impossible for NRCan to publish the verified energy performance data collected by its compliance program. Consequently, it could be more difficult for households and businesses to make informed purchasing decisions, for utilities and retailers to develop energy incentive programs, for government to make informed policy decisions, or for researchers to develop evidence-based analyses.

Regulatory actions (the Amendment)

Taking regulatory actions would provide confidence that energy use would be reduced, leading to greater GHG emission reductions compared with either the status quo or voluntary mechanisms. The Amendment would prevent or reduce various unnecessary regulatory differences, in particular, the testing and energy efficiency standards for various products including central air conditioners, central heat pumps, portable air conditioners, general service lamps, water heaters, large air conditioners, large heat pumps, and room air conditioners between Canada and the United States, and thereby avoid unnecessary burden on industry. The Amendment would also enable harmonization to be maintained seamlessly and provide the NRCan the ability to adjust to changes quickly, when maintaining harmonization of products where there is already a policy to harmonize with the United States.

Regulatory analysis

Benefits and costs

Interested parties seeking more details on this analysis can request a copy of the cost-benefit analysis report by contacting the individual named at the end of this document.

Summary

The present value of net benefits of the Amendment is estimated to be more than $51 billion on products shipped by 2050, with total benefits exceeding total costs by a ratio of more than 9:1. By 2050, the present value of benefits and costs from the Amendment is estimated to be about $57 billion and $6.2 billion, respectively. A summary description of the benefits and costs associated with the Amendment are presented in Table 1.

Table 1: Summary of benefits and costs associated with the Amendment

Costs (as applicable) Monetized benefits Quantified benefits Unaccounted non-energy benefits and costs
Technology costs Energy (electric, natural gas and oil) savings Energy savings (petajoule) Outside air quality, competitiveness, job growth, home comfort, indoor air quality, minimizing depressurization in new construction, etc.
Installation and maintenance costs Avoided damages because of GHG reductions GHG emission reductions (MtCO2e) Avoided trade and compliance issues, provide alternative testing standards for some currently regulated products
Government administration Technological benefits accounting for additional lifespan of more efficient GSLs Water saving (millions of litres) Future costs and benefits associated with the ambulatory incorporation by reference of documents
Compliance costs associated with new testing and verification requirements    
Administrative burden      

Reduced energy consumption and lower GHG emissions, would result in significant net benefits over the lifetime of affected product models when comparing the regulatory scenario (the Amendment) with the baseline scenario. The benefits vary for individual user depending on end-use sector, geographical location, and operational practices.

Annual reductions in energy consumption associated with the Amendment are estimated at 29 petajoules in 2030, reaching 58 petajoules in 2050 and accumulating to 1 152 petajoules by 2050, as the sale of more efficient products steadily replaces the pre-Amendment stock. Canadian consumers would also realize economic benefits in the form of reduced energy costs due to the implementation of the Amendment. It is estimated that almost $35 billion in cumulative present value energy savings would be realized by 2050.

Annual reductions in GHG emissions (megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent [MtCO2e]) resulting from the reduction in energy consumption are estimated to be 1.6 MtCO2e in 2030, reaching 3.3 MtCO2e in 2050 and accumulating to 65 MtCO2e by 2050. It is estimated that, by applying a social cost of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) to these reductions, the cumulative present value of economic benefits associated with GHG emission reductions would be about $22 billion by 2050. This is calculated as the value of avoided damages from GHG emission reductions, which benefit society in general, not only the consumers purchasing the more efficient products.

The cumulative present value of incremental technology costs (including installation and maintenance costs) associated with the Amendment is estimated to be almost $6.2 million by 2050.

Finally, faucets and showerheads save energy through reduced water consumption. The expected water savings are estimated to be 3.3 billion m3 by 2050.

Consultations — cost-benefit analysis

Regulated parties were engaged on various occasions and in various ways on the development of the cost-benefit analysis. For instance, in 2022 and 2023, market studies for products covered by this Amendment were completed by third-party consultants who worked with manufacturers and industry associations. The studies provided the primary data used to conduct the cost-benefit analysis for products where updates to testing and/or energy efficiency standards were considered. Later in June 2022, nine product-specific webinars were held (on portable and room air conditioners, water heaters [electric, natural gas and oil], large air conditioners and large heat pumps, general service lamps, central air conditioners and central heat pumps, pool pumps, showerheads and faucets, air compressors, and line voltage thermostats) with affected stakeholders, which, among other things, provided information and links to the cost-benefit methodology and sought input on that methodology and potential impacts on stakeholders.

Methodology, assumptions, and data

NRCan analyzed the economic gains to be made through the new and more stringent energy efficiency standards and the impact on Canadian society within a cost-benefit analysis framework. The costs and benefits per products associated with the changes to the energy efficiency standards were obtained by comparing the following scenarios and assuming that incremental costs and benefits in Canada are fully the result of the Regulations, with no spillover effects from the other jurisdictions such as the United States, to provide an assessment of the full economic impacts of regulatory changes affecting Canadians:

The regulatory scenario is defined as the application of new or more stringent energy efficiency standards across products relative to markets defined by the market studies completed between 2020 and 2023. This involves newly introduced energy efficiency standards for air compressors, faucets, line voltage thermostats, pool pumps, showerheads, and portable air conditioners, and more stringent standards for large air conditioners, large heat pumps, electric water heaters, and general service lamps.

The incremental compliance and administrative cost-benefit per products are computed using Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat’s Regulatory Cost Calculator. Products subject to the Amendment are only included in the overall cost-benefit analysis if they are linked to incremental technology, installation, and maintenance costs, or to compliance and administrative cost-benefit calculations. No other benefits or costs are modelled by products.

Benchmarks

For all products with updated energy efficiency standards, benchmarks are chosen to represent the product models that just meet and that do not meet the more stringent levels. Within the non-compliant benchmarks, two efficiency levels are considered and weighted based on their relative market share: (1) the least efficient level; and (2) the average efficient level. Where relevant, regional sensitivities are evaluated (e.g. a heat pump would save more energy per year in a colder location).

Methodology to estimate costs

It is assumed that incremental costs for more efficient technology, including product development and production, as well as for compliance and administration, are passed on to consumers or end users. This assumption simplifies the methodology since individual business decisions that affect retail product prices are unknown.

Incremental technology, installation, and maintenance costs

The incremental technology, installation and maintenance costs associated with the Amendment were determined as the difference between the cost of the inefficient product model, represented by the selected benchmark, and the cost of a modified version of that product model that would meet the updated energy efficiency standards. For each product, the technology cost of modifying the inefficient benchmark product model so that it meets the more stringent energy efficiency standards was estimated (e.g. the cost of adding extra insulation to a water heater or the cost of replacing an inefficient compressor in an air conditioner). These costs were then multiplied by the number of shipments of the product models in the baseline scenario that were estimated to have an energy performance that is worse than what is required by the energy efficiency standards. Results were combined across all affected products to arrive at the estimate of total incremental technology costs.

In the case of general service lighting, the life of more efficient lamps is longer than that of those that would be impacted by the standards. To account for this, NRCan applied a savings to account for this valued at the percentage of the lamp life left when the lower efficiency lamp fails.

Additional incremental costs related to installation and maintenance over the lifetime of the product are also evaluated, if applicable. These costs were found to apply to split system air conditioners, split system heat pumps, electric water heaters, large air conditioners, large heat pumps and pool pumps.

The cost-benefit analysis does not attempt to predict actual changes in product prices; instead it quantifies the economic impacts that can be directly attributable to the proposed Amendment. There are many other factors that can increase or decrease the final retail price that a consumer sees for a given product model (e.g. transportation costs, labour costs, pricing strategies). The analysis does not account for these factors.

Compliance costs

Compliance costs captured in this analysis include the actions required to meet compliance, including incremental testing costs, verification, and labelling requirements.

Incremental testing costs

Incremental testing costs arise when new testing is required for manufacturers. However, testing costs for products that are already being tested to enter the U.S. market, are under voluntary programs or provincial requirements would be incurred in both the baseline and regulatory scenarios, so are not considered incremental in the analysis.

Incremental testing costs are calculated by multiplying the cost related to testing a typical model with the number of models that are expected to be tested on (i) the year the requirements become mandatory; and (ii) the subsequent years models are introduced or improved, as relevant.

Incremental labelling costs

Incremental labelling costs arise when new labelling is required for manufacturers. However, when the new labelling requirements are harmonized with the United States, these costs would be incurred in both the baseline and regulatory scenarios, so are not considered incremental in the analysis. The Amendment would add compliance labelling costs for the lamps that would be added under the new GSL scope.

Incremental labelling costs are calculated by multiplying the cost related to designing a new or modifying an existing label for a typical model with the number of models that are expected to be labelled on the year the new requirements become mandatory.

Incremental verification costs

Incremental verification costs arise when new certification and marking are required for manufacturers. However, verification costs for products that are already being certified and issued a label by provincial requirements would be incurred in both the baseline and regulatory scenarios, so are not considered incremental in the analysis. NRCan accepts provincial labels as verification marks if the provincial energy efficiency standards are equivalent to, or exceed, the federal standards. The Amendment would add verification costs for all newly regulated products, including newly regulated lamps and CFLs (as the Amendment would introduce energy efficiency standards for CFLs products).

The added costs of verification requirements are confidential business costs that vary based on business relationships. Third-party verification and marking vary by manufacturer and are based on a number of elements, such as the number of programs the manufacturer engages in with the certification body, e.g. safety certification, energy efficiency verification, as well as the number of products and models the manufacturer has. Nevertheless, in this analysis, verification costs are estimated to be less than 10% of the testing costs based on the limited information obtained by NRCan from an internal study conducted in 2019. This number is a conservative estimate based on a range of costs collected through interviews for various verification activities. Interviewees in this study include certification bodies and laboratories, regulatory bodies, program managers, and manufacturers relatively evenly distributed across regulated products.

Incremental verification costs are calculated by multiplying the cost related to verifying a typical model with the number of models that are expected to be verified on (i) the year the requirements become mandatory; and (ii) the subsequent years models are introduced or improved, as relevant.

Administrative and compliance costs to businesses and government

Other costs reported as being attributable to the Amendment include, as appropriate, administrative and compliance costs to businesses, as well as those incurred by the Government to implement the changes.

Administrative costs

The Amendment would increase administrative burden as regulated parties of the affected energy-using products would be required to learn about the new or updated requirements of the Regulations (i.e. familiarization with the Amendment). In addition, regulated parties who ship or import energy-using products may also incur additional administrative burden, as they need to provide information respecting those products, including their energy efficiency, their shipment, and their importation, in prescribed form, manner, and time in accordance with subsection 5(1) of the Act (i.e. submitting energy efficiency and import reports). The administrative costs are calculated using the Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat’s Regulatory Cost Calculator and are discussed further later in the “One-for-one rule” section.

Methodology to estimate benefits

Energy savings for each product with updated energy efficiency standards were estimated by calculating the energy used by the selected benchmark product model by simulating how it would normally be used in a year (e.g. number of operating hours). The result is compared to the energy used by the modified version of that product model that would meet the updated energy efficiency standards. The difference was multiplied by the number of shipments of the product models in the baseline scenario that were estimated to have an energy performance that is worse than what is required by the updated energy efficiency standards based on the number of years the product is expected to last, in order to arrive at the total energy savings. Results were summed across all affected products to estimate the total energy saved. Energy savings were monetized using the cost of energy per unit of energy saved (i.e. dollars per kilowatt-hour). The expected energy savings could be less, all other things being equal, if consumers were choosing to use their savings in a way that increases energy consumption. This phenomenon is known as the rebound effect, which is not accounted for in this analysis.footnote 5

The reductions in GHG emissions were calculated by applying fuel-specific emission factors, consistent with those published by Environment and Climate Change Canada, to the resulting energy savings. To remain consistent with the U.S. methodology and produce more realistic GHG savings, the reductions attributable to diminished electricity consumption reported throughout this document were calculated by applying the emission factors associated with the marginal fuels used to generate the electricity that would be saved through implementation of the Amendment.footnote 6 To allow comparison with outcomes reported under the Pan-Canadian Framework on Clean Growth and Climate Change, the reductions in GHG emissions were also calculated by applying an average emission factor (see the sensitivity analysis section). Total reductions in GHG emissions with the average emission factor are estimated to be about 65 MtCO2e by 2050 (versus 43 MtCO2e with the marginal emission factor).

GHG emissions were monetized and incorporated into the analysis using a social cost of carbon. The social cost of carbon represents an estimate of the economic value of avoided climate change damages at the global level - for current and future generations - because of reducing GHG emissions.

Assumptions

The key assumptions used in the main analysis are the following:

Data collection and sources

Data was collected on a product-by-product basis, through market studies. The studies provided key inputs to the analysis, such as the market size, the portion of the market that meets or does not meet the new or more stringent energy efficiency standards, the benchmarks that best represent the market, energy savings from the baseline scenario to the regulatory scenario, costs of moving from the baseline scenario to the regulatory scenario, product lifetime, and installation and maintenance costs. The market study also provided data to estimate compliance costs.

Cost-benefit statement
Table 2: Benefits and costs per energy-using product in millions of dollars (note: estimates have been rounded)
Energy-using product subdivision Product costs table c2 note a table c2 note b Product benefits table c2 note a table c2 note c Product net benefits table c2 note a
Air compressors $32 $35 $3
Faucets $2 $16,288 $16,286
Line voltage thermostats $37 $857 $820
Pool pumps $987 $9,490 $8,503
Showerheads $2 $9,196 $9,194
Room air conditioners $267 $651 $384
Large air conditioners $800 $1,375 $575
Split system central air conditioners $19 $23 $4
Portable air conditioners $179 $372 $193
Large heat pumps $41 $77 $35
Split system central heat pumps $73 $314 $241
Electric water heaters $3,301 $15,932 $12,631
General service lamps $411 $2,859 $2,448
Total of all products $6,152 $57,468 $51,316

Table c2 note(s)

Table c2 note a

Totals are presented in cumulative present value.

Return to table c2 note a referrer

Table c2 note b

Product costs in this table include incremental costs for technology, installation, maintenance, and compliance, as applicable. The Amendment would add compliance testing costs for manufacturers through the new testing requirement for cold climate heat pumps, and the new testing requirements for line voltage thermostats. Also, there would be incremental labelling costs for the new lamps added under the new GSL scope. Finally, all newly regulated products would add verification costs, including newly regulated lamps and CFLs (as the Amendment would introduce energy efficiency standards for CFLs).

Return to table c2 note b referrer

Table c2 note c

For all products, benefits include energy savings and GHG emission reductions, with the exception of GSLs where benefits also include technological savings due to the longer life of efficient products.

Return to table c2 note c referrer
Table 3: Monetized costs in millions of dollars (note: estimates have been rounded)
Impacted stakeholder Description of cost Annual total in 2025 table c3 note c Annual total in 2030 table c3 note c Annual total in 2040 table c3 note c Annual total in 2050 table c3 note c Cumulative total by 2050 table c3 note d Average annualized total over the 2025-2050 period table c3 note e
Consumers Technology, installation and maintenance costs table c3 note a $52 $330 $322 $324 $6,113 $304
Industry Administrative burden table c3 note a table c3 note b $0.4 $0.2 $0.2 $0.2 $3.7 $0.2
Compliance costs table c3 note a table c3 note b $6.8 $1.7 $1.7 $1.7 $38.6 $1.9
Government Government costs $0.1 $0.0 $0.0 $0.0 $0.1 $0.0
All stakeholders Total costs $59 $332 $324 $325 $6,155 $306

Table c3 note(s)

Table c3 note a

Incremental costs are assumed to be passed on to consumers as higher prices.

Return to table c3 note a referrer

Table c3 note b

The compliance costs and administrative burden reported in table 3 were estimated applying a 2% discount rate, from 2025 to 2050, to determine the value in 2022 dollars discounted to 2024. This method was used to be consistent with the calculation of other costs and benefits presented in tables 2 to 5. Administrative burden estimates produced for the one-for-one rule, discussed below in this RIAS, were calculated using the Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat’s Regulatory Cost Calculator. This tool used a 7% discount rate, over 10 years (2025–2034), to determine a value in 2012 dollars, discounted to 2012.

Return to table c3 note b referrer

Table c3 note c

Annual totals for 2025 through 2050 are presented in present value in the respective year.

Return to table c3 note c referrer

Table c3 note d

Cumulative totals by 2050 are presented in 2024 present value.

Return to table c3 note d referrer

Table c3 note e

Average annualized over the period are presented in terms of annualized values as indicated in the Treasury Board of Canada Canada’s Cost-Benefit Analysis Guide for Regulatory Proposals.

Return to table c3 note e referrer
Table 4: Monetized benefits in millions of dollars (note: estimates have been rounded)
Impacted stakeholder Description of benefits Annual total in 2025 table c4 note a Annual total in 2030 table c4 note a Annual total in 2040 table c4 note a Annual total in 2050 table c4 note a Cumulative total by 2050 table c4 note b Average annualized total over the 2025-2050 period table c4 note c
Consumers   Pre-tax fuel (electric, natural gas and oil) savings $179 $1,703 $1,907 $2,049 $34,524 $1,716
Benefits from longer life GSLs $31 $60 $22 $0 $717 $36
Canadians Avoided GHG damages $75 $1,081 $1,241 $1,347 $22,226 $1,105
All stakeholders Total benefits $285 $2,843 $3,170 $3,395 $57,468 $2,856

Table c4 note(s)

Table c4 note a

Annual totals for 2025 through 2050 are presented in present value in the respective year.

Return to table c4 note a referrer

Table c4 note b

Cumulative totals by 2050 are presented in 2024 present value.

Return to table c4 note b referrer

Table c4 note c

Average annualized over the period are presented in terms of annualized values as indicated in the Treasury Board of Canada Canada’s Cost-Benefit Analysis Guide for Regulatory Proposals.

Return to table c4 note c referrer
Table 5: Summary of monetized costs and benefits in millions of dollars (note: estimates have been rounded)
Impacted stakeholder Annual total in 2025 table c5 note a Annual total in 2030 table c5 note a Annual total in 2040 table c5 note a Annual total in 2050 table c5 note a Cumulative total by 2050 table c5 note b Average annualized total over the 2025-2050 period table c5 note c
Total costs $59 $332 $324 $325 $6,155 $306
Total benefits table c5 note d $285 $2,843 $3,170 $3,395 $57,468 $2,856
Net impact $226 $2,511 $2,846 $3,070 $51,312 $2,550
Table c5 note(s)
Table c5 note a

Annual totals for 2025 through 2050 are presented in present value in the respective year.

Return to table c5 note a referrer

Table c5 note b

Cumulative totals by 2050 are presented in 2024 present value.

Return to table c5 note b referrer

Table c5 note c

Average annualized over the period are presented in terms of annualized values as indicated in the Treasury Board of Canada Canada’s Cost-Benefit Analysis Guide for Regulatory Proposals.

Return to table c5 note c referrer

Table c5 note d

For all products, benefits include energy savings and GHG emission reductions, except for GSLs where benefits also include technological savings due to the longer life of efficient products.

Return to table c5 note d referrer
Table 6: Quantified non-$ impacts (note: estimates have been rounded)
Impacted stakeholder Description of impact Annual total in 2025 Annual total in 2030 Annual total in 2040 Annual total in 2050 Cumulative total by 2050 Average annualized total over the 2025-2050 period
Canadians Energy savings (petajoules) 0.8 29 57 58 1,152 44
GHG emission reductions (megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent) 0.1 1.6 3.2 3.3 65 2.5
Water savings (millions of cubic meters) 0.0 81 165 165 3,324 133
Additional benefits and costs

For various regulated products, the amendments would maintain, improve, and facilitate maintaining in the future regulatory harmonization between Canada and the United States. Nevertheless, the analysis has not quantified the resulting costs reduction associated with the industry not having to test the same product model twice to satisfy different requirements since the baseline assumes that NRCan is delivering on its policy of harmonization previously stated. Furthermore, these only represent a small portion of the positive impacts associated with the regulatory harmonization according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.footnote 11

In this Amendment, the increasing use of incorporation by ambulatory reference to U.S. standards and NRCan bilingual technical standards documents that reproduce U.S. standards, would allow NRCan to maintain harmonization. Furthermore, preparing for the use of Ministerial Regulations would allow NRCan to update requirements in a more time-efficient manner when needed to maintain harmonized requirements with another jurisdiction. This benefits trade and business by eliminating or reducing the period of time during which Canada’s regulations are misaligned with another jurisdiction, notably the United States, and would allow more efficient use of government resources.

For businesses and institutions using affected energy-using products in their operations, an improvement in energy performance translates into energy and operating cost savings and improved environmental performance, which can lead to increased productivity and competitiveness, and, when such companies spend these energy savings on expanding their businesses or factories, they create greater demand. Although the Amendment would increase the energy efficiency standards of products primarily used in the residential sector, these products might be used elsewhere, such as in small commercial applications. Reduced electricity consumption from regulated products also benefits the utilities by reducing peak loads and the need to add more generating, transmission and distribution capacity.footnote 12

Because of the lack of data or complexity involved, the analysis has not quantified widely accepted potential benefits of energy efficiency, such as increased energy security, reduced air pollution, improved occupant comfort, better indoor air quality and minimizing risks of depressurization in new constructions with better envelopes.footnote 13

Another benefit of the Amendment is related to the verified energy efficiency performance information of energy-using products that is collected by NRCan through its compliance program. Energy performance data for new energy-using products would be posted to the NRCan websitefootnote 14 and would be accessible to households or businesses to help them make informed purchase decisions. Utilities and retailers also benefit from this information since it supports programming to promote the sale of high-efficiency products. The collection and analysis of energy performance data also support future policy development and evidence-based decision-making.

Finally, the benefits associated with the removal of the fan energy rating (FER) requirement for through-the-wall gas furnaces, which represent a technological barrier to compliance, have not been quantified in this cost-benefit analysis.

In terms of costs, it is to note that future changes to documents that would be incorporated by reference may impose extra costs to regulated parties that have not been accounted for in this cost-benefit analysis. However, when documents incorporated on an ambulatory basis will be updated, although a regulatory amendment will not be required to process the change, NRCan would still perform a cost-benefit analysis and report the impacts of the incremental changes publicly.

Sensitivity analysis

Given that several inputs into the analysis are subject to a certain degree of uncertainly, in addition to the baseline scenario, sensitivity analyses are performed on the following variables:

Overall, the various sensitivity scenarios support estimates of positive net benefits for all products, with total cumulative net benefits by 2050 in the range of $22,359 million (7% discount rate) to $89,317 (high energy prices), in comparison to $51,312 of net benefits under the reference case, as shown in Table 7 below.

Table 7: Summary of sensitivity analysis of benefits and costs per product in millions of dollars (note: estimates have been rounded)
Variable Sensitivity case Costs table c7 note a table c7 note b Benefits table c7 note a table c7 note c Net benefits table c7 note a table c7 note c
Reference case (from Table 5) N/A $6,155 $57,468 $51,312
GHG emission factor Average factor $6,155 $49,823 $43,668
Discount rate 7% $3,483 $25,843 $22,359
Social cost of carbon None $6,155 $35,241 $29,086
Energy price High $6,155 $95,472 $89,317
Low $6,155 $46,604 $40,449
Incremental costs Low $4,627 $57,468 $52,840
Price of water Pumping and treatment $6,155 $68,211 $62,056
Table c7 note(s)
Table c7 note a

Totals are presented in cumulative present value.

Return to table c7 note a referrer

Table c7 note b

Costs include incremental costs for technology, installation, maintenance, compliance, administrative and government costs, as applicable.

Return to table c7 note b referrer

Table c7 note c

For all products, total benefits and net benefits include energy savings and GHG emission reductions, except for GSLs where benefits also include technological savings due to the longer life of efficient products.

Return to table c7 note c referrer
Distributional impact analysis

The costs and benefits provided in the central cost-benefit analysis are not always distributed equally across the various impacted stakeholders. Therefore, a sectorial distributional analysis has been performed for each product covered by the cost-benefit analysis. This section also contains a consumer-level impact analysis, outlining the per-unit costs and benefits experienced by consumers by product and sector.

Cumulative benefits by product and sector are influenced by the number of shipments, the annual energy consumption, the fuel type saved and the energy price in the sector of use. Cumulative costs by product and sector are determined by the incremental costs and the number of shipments.

Most of the costs and benefits would occur to residential product users, with the largest costs and benefits incurred by those that use electric water heaters. Commercial product users would also see significant costs and benefits, with the largest costs and benefits incurred by users of large air conditioners. The industrial sector would be impacted, but not to nearly the same extent, primarily because air compressors are the only industrial products affected by the Amendment.

Table 8: Costs and benefits by energy-using product and sector, cumulative total by 2050, in millions of dollars (note: estimates have been rounded)
Energy-using product Sector Energy savings (petajoules) GHG emission reductions (megatonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent) Costs table d1 note a Energy benefits GHG benefits Total benefits table d1 note b Net benefits table d1 note b
Pool pumps Residential 140 8.5 $939 $5,703 $2,711 $8,414 $7,475
Commercial 18.8 1.1 $48 $712 $364 $1,076 $1,028
Air compressors Commercial 0.0 0.0 $4.2 $3.7 $1.9 $5.6 $1.4
Industrial 0.6 0.0 $28 $17 $13 $30 $1.4
Line voltage thermostats Residential 14 0.8 $37 $581 $276 $857 $820
Portable air conditioners Residential 5.2 0.3 $156 $218 $103 $321 $166
Commercial 0.8 0.1 $23 $34 $17 $51 $28
Large air conditioners Commercial 17 1.0 $800 $908 $467 $1,375 $575
Large heat pumps Commercial 1.0 0.1 $41 $51 $26 $77 $35
Split system central air conditioners Commercial 0.3 0.0 $19 $15 $7.8 $23 $3.8
Split system central heat pumps Commercial 4.5 0.3 $73 $208 $107 $314 $241
GSLs Residential 13 0.9 $253 $1,103 $331 $1,874 $1,621
Commercial 4.4 0.3 $158 $538 $169 $985 $827
Showerheads Residential 242 13 $2 $4,806 $4,342 $9,148 $9,145
Commercial 1.9 0.1 $0.0 $16 $32 $48 $48
Room AC Residential 9.1 0.5 $232 $386 $183 $569 $337
Commercial 1.4 0.1 $35 $54 $28 $82 $47
Faucets Residential 401 22 $2 $7,996 $7,225 $15,221 $15,219
Commercial 41 2 $0 $372 $694 $1,067 $1,067
Electric water heaters Residential 236 14 $3,301 $10,804 $5,128 $15,932 $12,631
Total Residential 1,060 60 $4,921 $32,036 $20,299 $52,335 $47,413
Commercial 91 5.2 $1,202 $3,189 $1,915 $5,103 $3,901
Industrial 0.6 0.0 $28.1 $16.8 $12.8 $29.6 $1.4
Total 1,152 65 $6,151 $35,242 $22,227 $57,468 $51,315

Table d1 note(s)

Table d1 note a

Costs do not include administrative costs to industry and government costs.

Return to table d1 note a referrer

Table d1 note b

For all products, total benefits and net benefits include energy savings and GHG emission reductions, except for GSLs where benefits also include technological savings due to the longer life of efficient products. Additional GSLs life adds a total benefit of $439 million in the residential sector and $278 million in the commercial sector.

Return to table d1 note b referrer

Table 9 shows the average per-unit costs and benefits at the consumer level by product and sector. The end user is expected to benefit from energy savings of the product as shown in the table. However, since GHG emissions reductions are expected to benefit society in general, the impact has not been included in the table. Although the costs incurred by manufacturers and importers are expected to eventually be paid by the end user, they are excluded because the data and our cost-benefit analysis model does not allow for the split of these cost across various benchmarks, and it is unknown how the costs would be applied to each unit sold throughout the distribution chains.

While the central cost-benefit analysis shows that the benefits are greater than the costs for each product, there are two products (air compressors used in the industrial sector and split system central air conditioners) that show a net loss to the end users (i.e. they would not save enough money during the useful life of the product to offset the incremental costs to improve a product).

In the case of these two aforementioned products, society still stands to benefit from the changes once the social cost of carbon is included in the analysis. For these two products, the majority of shipments already meet the proposed energy efficiency standards. It is estimated that once air compressors are subject to Ontario’s new requirements, 93% of the Canadian market would meet NRCan’s proposed standard. For split system central air conditioners, which make up a relatively small percentage of the market for commercial cooling equipment, 87% of the market already met the proposed energy efficiency standard. Furthermore, the estimated price increases of these products are relatively small (10% or less of purchasing price), and the proposed changes are harmonized with the United States to reduce trade impacts on the North American market. The results in the table below reflect the assumptions of the central cost-benefit analysis.

The cost estimates are conservative. As previously mentioned, historically, it has been observed that industry has found innovative ways to improve the efficiency of product in more cost-effective ways than expected.

Table 9: Average per-unit costs and benefits by energy-using product and sector
Energy-using product Sector Unit costs Unit energy benefits Unit net benefits table d2 note a
Air compressors Commercial $3,497 $4,091 $594
Industrial $3,497 $2,758 -$738
Faucets Residential $0 $275 $275
Commercial $0 $31 $31
Line voltage thermostats Residential $26 $447 $421
Pool pumps Residential $393 $2,424 $2,031
Commercial $427 $6,440 $6,013
Showerheads Residential $0 $292 $292
Commercial $0 $145 $145
Room air conditioners Residential $61 $104 $42
Commercial $61 $96 $34
Large air conditioners Commercial $2,964 $3,390 $426
Split system central air conditioners Commercial $437 $348 -$89
Portable air conditioners Residential $73 $103 $31
Commercial $73 $107 $34
Large heat pumps Commercial $3,218 $3,996 $778
Split system central heat pumps Commercial $396 $1,645 $1,249
Electric water heaters Residential $252 $834 $582
General service lamps Residential $4 $17 $20
Commercial $4 $14 $17

Table d2 note(s)

Table d2 note a

For all products, net benefits include energy savings and GHG emission reductions, except for GSLs where benefits also include technological savings due to the longer life of efficient products. Additional GSLs life adds benefits per unit of $6.79 in the residential sector and $7.35 in the commercial sector.

Return to table d2 note a referrer

Small business lens

Based on data from Statistics Canada and the Canadian Importers Database for the number of manufacturers and importers related to specific products, the Treasury Board Secretariat’s Regulatory Cost Calculator indicates that 1 218 small businesses may be impacted by the Amendment. Therefore, the Amendment would increase the administrative burden and compliance costs for small businesses, in annualized average, by a total of $1,023,528 or about $840 per small business. A summary of the estimated impacts on small businesses are presented in Table 10. Numbers in the table were calculated using the Treasury Board Secretariat’s Regulatory Cost Calculator.

The products covered by the Amendment are mostly manufactured outside of Canada by multinational companies. Only a few Canadian manufacturers have been identified by the market studies used for this Amendment to be producing some of the products, but they are generally not small businesses or are not subject to federal regulations as they do not import their products into Canada or ship them from one province to another for the purpose of sale or lease. An exception is for line voltage thermostats, which have manufacturers located in Canada and selling products across provinces.

Also, there are many small businesses that import energy-using products in the country, but the majority of the businesses that import some of the products included in the Amendment are not expected to be significantly impacted financially, given that it would still be possible for them to import products that meet or exceed the energy efficiency standards and Canadians would still look for them when needing to replace their products. This Amendment would ensure that more efficient products are imported and sold to Canadians and no flexibility for small businesses is proposed.

Small business lens summary
Table 10: Total compliance and administrative costs to small businesses
Totals Annualized value Present value
Compliance costs $937,639 $18,866,267
Administrative costs $85,889 $1,728,182
Total cost (all impacted small businesses) $1,023,528 $20,594,449
Cost per impacted small business $840 $16,908

Small businesses and other businesses that are expected to assume incremental costs have been engaged in the pre-consultation and through targeted emails to manufacturers, importers and industry associations, among others. No compliance issues associated with small businesses were raised about the Amendment during this engagement.

One-for-one rule

Table 11: Administrative costs to all businesses
Totals Annualized value Annualized values per business
Familiarization with the Amendment $7,830 $2
Submitting energy efficiency reports $40,288 $12
Submitting import reports $15,362 $5
Total administrative costs (all impacted businesses) $63,480 $19

Overall, the Amendment is considered an “in” under the one-for-one rule. It would increase the administrative burden, in annualized average, by approximately $63,480 administrative costs to industry, or $19 per business (all businesses). These numbers were calculated using the Treasury Board Secretariat’s Regulatory Cost Calculator, which present annualized values discounted to 2012, using a 7% discount rate, over 10 years (2025–2034), in 2012 dollars. (To understand how these numbers compare to those presented in the cost-benefit analysis, see Note b in Table 3. For more details about the estimation, see the cost-benefit analysis report.)

No comments were received from stakeholders on the impacts of the Amendment on administrative burden.

Familiarization with the Amendment

Familiarization with new or updated requirements in the Regulations is a one-time incremental administrative function that would apply to regulated parties of all products subject to the Amendment. The task involves reviewing and understanding the new and updated regulatory requirements of the specific products. It is assumed that this task would be performed upon publication of the Amendment. It would take about two hours to perform by someone specialized in middle management, with a wage rate of approximately $57 (in 2012 dollars) per hour.footnote 16 The total number regulated parties that would be impacted by this task is estimated at 1 330.

Overall, the incremental administrative familiarization costs to all businesses are estimated to $7,830 (in 2012 dollars) in annualized average over a 10-year period (2025–2034), discounted to 2012.

Submitting energy efficiency reports

The Amendment would introduce an administrative burden associated with the provision of information that is required before an energy-using product is imported or shipped across provinces and territories. The added burden applies to products that have reporting elements that differ from reporting requirements already in place in other jurisdictions.

For all newly regulated products, including the newly regulated lamps under the new GSLs scope, an energy efficiency report would be required for the first time, and was accounted as a one-time administrative function to create the report template. For line voltage thermostats and central heat pumps, ongoing administrative burden was accounted to submit new required information.

To estimate the time required to input the energy performance data into the report, NRCan relied on a U.S. DOE assessment of the time it takes to populate a similar report in a similar context — information is readily available and must simply be entered into the proper place in the report. The U.S. DOE estimated that it took approximately 22 seconds per data element to populate this report.footnote 17 To account for minor differences between the complexities of the data elements in Canada’s reports and those that were the subject of the U.S. DOE analysis, NRCan estimates that it would take 36 seconds (0.01 hours) per data element. These activities would be undertaken by administrative support with a wage rate of approximately $30 (in 2012 dollars) per hour. The total number of regulated parties that would be impacted by this task is estimated at 1 260.

Overall, the incremental reporting costs to all businesses are estimated to $40,288 (in 2012 dollars) in annualized average over a 10-year period (2025–2034), discounted to 2012.

Submitting import reports

The Amendment would introduce an administrative burden associated with the submission of import reports to the Canada Border Services Agency (see Introduction to the Regulations) that include specific information regarding the products.

Ongoing added burden would apply to the five newly regulated products, as well as all the newly regulated GSLs.

Based on annual shipment data, including the average number of shipment units per order, the average number of orders per year are estimated per importers. Therefore, it is assumed that this task would be performed once a month per importer for the newly regulated products, and 10 times per month for importers of the newly regulated GSLs, from the day compliance with the new requirements would become mandatory.

Using the same reporting assumption as for the energy efficiency reports, it is assumed that the task would take about 36 seconds (0.01 hour) to perform by data element by someone in administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations, with a wage rate of approximately $37 (in 2012 dollars) per hour. The total number of regulated parties that would be impacted by this task is estimated at 1 786.

Overall, the incremental import reporting costs to all businesses are estimated to $15,362 (in 2012 dollars) in annualized average over a 10-year period (2025–2034), discounted to 2012.

Regulatory cooperation and alignment

Amendments to the Regulations are developed in line with previous regulatory cooperation efforts made to address or avoid unnecessary regulatory differences within Canada and within North America, and as per current international agreements:

More specifically, NRCan is proposing to harmonize testing standards with the United States for all products where testing standards are considered in this Amendment and are regulated by the United States. The only exception is for central heat pumps (three-phase) where the cold climate conditions test would be mandatory in Canadian regulations to better reflect operating conditions in Canada.

Energy efficiency standards would be harmonized with the United States for all products included in this Amendment, except when (i) products are not regulated by the U.S. DOE (e.g. line voltage thermostat would adopt the CSA’s standards that have already been referenced in British Columbia and Ontario); and (ii) when the U.S. DOE standards have not been updated in a long time and would not provide significant energy savings to support the goal of net-zero emissions by 2050 (i.e. showerheads and non-metering faucets’ energy efficiency standards would be harmonized with those in the state of California).

The following table provides detailed impacts of the proposed changes on harmonization with the United States and the provinces.

Table 12: Regulatory cooperation and harmonization in Canada and North America associated with the Amendment

Product

Regulatory cooperation within Canada

Regulatory cooperation in North America

Air compressors

The introduction of this product in the Regulations is harmonized with Ontario and would automatically apply to New Brunswick, which is incorporating by reference all the energy-using products and efficiency standards that are prescribed in the federal Regulations, without specifying the products.

For the other regulating provinces, it is expected that based on the RCT cooperative framework in development, provinces could either add the product or not to their regulations, when developing or modifying standards, based on their respective policy objectives.

Adding this product in the Regulations would create harmonization with the United States in relation to the scope of products currently regulated.

The Amendment would harmonize the energy efficiency and testing standards with the United States by incorporating by ambulatory reference the U.S. standards.

Faucets and showerheads

The introduction of these products in the Regulations would automatically apply to New Brunswick, which is incorporating by reference all the energy-using products and efficiency standards that are prescribed in the federal Regulations, without specifying the products.

For the other regulating provinces, it is expected that based on the RCT cooperative framework in development, provinces could either add the product to their regulations or choose not to, when developing or modifying standards, based on their respective policy objectives.

Adding these products in the Regulations would create harmonization with the United States in relation to the scope of products currently regulated.

The Amendment would harmonize the testing standards with the United States by incorporating by ambulatory reference the U.S. CFR.

The implementation of the Amendment would introduce some regulatory differences given that NRCan would harmonize with the more stringent water efficiency standards of California (and not those of the U.S. DOE that have not been updated in years and would not achieve significant energy savings).

Line voltage thermostats

The introduction of this product in the Regulations would automatically apply to New Brunswick, which is incorporating by reference all the energy-using products and efficiency standards that are prescribed in the federal Regulations, without specifying the products.

To minimize impact on trade and burden on industry, NRCan would harmonize the testing standards with established provincial requirements (British Columbia and Ontario) by incorporating by ambulatory reference a CSA testing standard.

For the other regulating provinces, it is expected that based on the RCT cooperative framework in development, provinces could either add the product to their regulations or choose not to, when developing or modifying standards, based on their respective policy objectives.

Adding this product in the Regulations would introduce some regulatory differences with the United States where the product is not regulated, mandating dealers importing in Canada or shipping inter-provincially for the purpose of sale or lease, to meet prescribed energy efficiency standards, testing standards, reporting, and verification requirements.

This burden already exists to some extent in Canada, as British Columbia and Ontario currently mandate that products offered for sale in the provinces must adhere to the proposed energy efficiency and testing standards outlined in this Amendment.

Pool pumps

The introduction of this product in the Regulations would harmonize with Ontario requirements and would automatically apply to New Brunswick, which is incorporating by reference all the energy-using products and efficiency standards that are prescribed in the federal Regulations, without specifying the products.

For the other regulating provinces, it is expected that based on the RCT cooperative framework in development, provinces could either add the product to their regulations or choose not to, when developing or modifying standards, based on their respective policy objectives.

Adding this product in the Regulations would create harmonization with the United States in relation to the scope of products currently regulated.

The Amendment would harmonize the energy efficiency and testing standards with the United States by incorporating by ambulatory reference the U.S. standards.

Room air conditioners

The changes to the energy efficiency standards considered in this Amendment are harmonized with Ontario and would automatically apply to provinces that are incorporating by reference NRCan regulations for all products (New Brunswick) and for this specific product (Quebec).

For the other regulating provinces, it is expected that based on the RCT cooperative framework in development, provinces would harmonize with this Amendment when developing or modifying standards.

The Amendment would maintain harmonization of the energy efficiency and testing standards with the United States by incorporating an NRCan technical standards document by ambulatory reference that would reproduce the U.S. testing standard as the only testing option, and the U.S. energy efficiency standards without changing the energy efficiency standards which are already harmonized with the United States.

Large air conditioners and large heat pumps

The changes to the energy efficiency standards considered in this Amendment are harmonized with Ontario and would automatically apply to provinces that are incorporating by reference NRCan regulations for all products (New Brunswick) and for this specific product (Quebec).

For the other regulating provinces, it is expected that based on the RCT cooperative framework in development, provinces would harmonize with this Amendment when developing or modifying standards.

The Amendment would maintain harmonization of energy efficiency and testing standards with the United States, given that the U.S. DOE moved to Tier 2 of their two-tiered plan on January 1, 2023.

The Amendment would also incorporate by ambulatory reference the U.S. testing standard as an alternative testing option.

Central air conditioners and central heat pumps (three-phase)

The changes to the energy efficiency standards considered in this Amendment would automatically apply to provinces that are incorporating by reference NRCan regulations for all products (New Brunswick) and for this specific product (Quebec).

For the other regulating provinces, it is expected that based on the RCT cooperative framework in development, provinces would harmonize with this Amendment when developing or modifying standards.

The Amendment would maintain harmonization of energy efficiency and testing standards with the United States except for making the 15 oC (5 oF) test point mandatory (instead of optional in the United States) to better reflect operating conditions in Canada, and for using Climate Region V (instead of Climate Region IV used in the United States).

The Amendment would incorporate by ambulatory reference the U.S. testing standard as the only testing option.

Portable air conditioners

The introduction of energy efficiency standards considered in this Amendment would automatically apply to New Brunswick which is incorporating by reference NRCan regulations for all products.

For the other regulating provinces, it is expected that based on the RCT cooperative framework in development, provinces would harmonize with this Amendment when developing or modifying standards.

The Amendment would harmonize with the new energy efficiency standards and generally harmonize with the current EnergyGuide labelling requirements of the United States.

Gas furnaces

The removal of the fan energy rating (FER) requirement considered in this Amendment would automatically apply to New Brunswick and Ontario which are incorporating by reference NRCan regulations for all products (in the case of New Brunswick) and for specific products, including this one (in the case of Ontario).

The other regulating provinces do not have this requirement, and therefore the removal of the FER would harmonize with the other provinces.

The removal of the fan energy rating (FER) would harmonize with the United States which has also removed this requirement.

The Amendment would introduce some regulatory differences in relation to the information requested.

Water heaters (electric, gas-fired storage, gas-fired instantaneous, and oil-fired)

The changes to the energy efficiency standards considered in this Amendment would automatically apply to provinces that are incorporating by reference NRCan regulations for all products (New Brunswick), for specific products, including these ones (Ontario), and for oil-fired water heaters (Quebec).

For the other regulating provinces, it is expected that based on the RCT cooperative framework in development, provinces would harmonize with this Amendment when developing or modifying standards.

The Amendment would maintain harmonization of the energy efficiency standards (generally for electric water heaters and completely for the others) and testing standards (completely for all water heaters) with the United States.

The Amendment would incorporate by ambulatory reference the U.S. testing standard as the only testing option.

General service lamps

The changes to the scope and energy efficiency standards considered in this Amendment would automatically apply to New Brunswick which is incorporating by reference NRCan regulations for all products.

Ontario, Québec and British Columbia have already moved ahead of NRCan with GSL regulations, which includes the 45 lumens per watt energy efficiency standard, but under a smaller scope than the U.S. DOE and this proposed Amendment. However, British Columbia also regulates a "small diameter directional lamp," which is not under the U.S. DOE (and this Amendment) scope.

For the other regulating provinces, it is expected that based on the RCT cooperative framework in development, provinces would harmonize with this Amendment when developing or modifying standards.

The Amendment would increase harmonization with the United States by harmonizing the scope of the product.

It would also maintain harmonization with the United States by incorporating by ambulatory reference the U.S. testing standard as the only testing option, and an NRCan technical standards document that would reproduce the U.S. energy efficiency standards.

Strategic environmental assessment

In accordance with the Cabinet Directive on the Environmental Assessment of Policy, Plan and Program Proposals, a preliminary scan concluded that a strategic environmental assessment is not required.

Gender-based analysis plus

The Regulations benefit Canadians by helping to eliminate low energy efficiency products from the market. The Amendment would save money for households who would purchase more energy efficient products and pay less on their energy bills because of their lower energy consumption. In addition, energy efficient products can improve the quality of the indoor living environment, ameliorating the health of the occupants. Despite the general positive impact of the Amendment on Canadians, an assessment was conducted to determine if certain groups of the population could be disproportionately impacted due to factors like their location, socio-economic circumstances and/or identity.

Location - The sensitivity analysis presented in the CBA shows that while there are regional disparities in the savings on energy bills due to differences in energy prices, everyone benefits from this Amendment regardless of where they live in Canada. Households paying higher energy prices like in rural, northern, and remote communities that are not connected to the national electricity grid and have to rely on more expensive local energy sources,footnote 19 including a significant proportion of Indigenous households,footnote 20 would disproportionately benefit from higher savings on their energy bills. In addition, remote communities in Canada are mostly located in the northern regions and typically have colder groundwater temperatures resulting a higher-than-average daily electricity consumption to heat the water. Hence, purchasing more efficient electric water heaters, faucets and showerheads would also disproportionately benefit them. Market studies suggest that the Amendment is not expected to impact product supply and should not cause significant variations to regional availability and prices. However, an internal study found that, in general, in northern and remote communities it is more difficult to purchase appliances, including shipping issues (length of time for a product to arrive) and additional transportation costs. Because of these supply issues, NRCan does not have enough information to evaluate to what extent households in these communities would perceive different benefits than Canadians in urban centres. The Department will continue to explore potential effects of the Regulations on supply issues of energy-using products, in particular on households belonging to equity-deserving groups, through research focusing on the circumstances and experiences of these groups and product-specific market studies that apply the gender-based analysis plus.

Socio-economic situation (low income) - Given the financial restrictions they face, savings on energy bills disproportionally benefit low-income households and households experiencing energy poverty,footnote 21 by helping alleviate their financial situation. The money saved on energy bills can be used for other household critical needs. However, NRCan considers it possible, but unlikely, that the Amendment would increase purchase prices of more efficient products, in which case low-income households and households experiencing energy poverty could be disproportionally impacted (household spending 10% or more of their after-tax income on their dwelling energy bills are considered living in “energy poverty” or being referred to as “energy-poor”). The International Energy Agency has found that, while more efficient appliances covered by energy efficiency standards and labelling programs might sometimes be more expensive to buy when they are first introduced, the average purchase prices declined at a rate of 2–3% per year.footnote 22 Despite this evidence, NRCan’s cost-benefit analysis takes a conservative approach and assumes that incremental manufacturer costs are passed on to consumers and remain constant over the analysis period.footnote 23 If a market price increase does happen, it would disproportionally affect these households by adding financial stress in the short run and reducing their net benefit, which might lead to abstention from purchasing or product substitution for a suboptimal option whenever possible. For room air conditioners and portable air conditioners, if contrary to NRCan’s expectation their market prices do increase,footnote 24 household members who are vulnerable to heat-related health risksfootnote 25 could be further disproportionally impacted if the usage is lowered to conserve energy, if the product is substituted for a suboptimal option that has a lower up-front cost, like a fan, or they abstain from purchasing. In particular, households living in poorer quality housing, which could be a consequence of their dwellings being built inefficiently, living in older homes, or living in homes needing repairs, tend to spend a larger portion of their income on energy and on make it habitable, limiting the opportunity to spend on energy efficient products. Nevertheless, based on existing evidence, increases in product prices are unlikely to happen as a consequence of Amendment 18, and if they do occur, they are not expected to persist. Instead, prices are expected to decline in the longer term.

Socio-economic situation (renters) – When landlords have to replace products in renters’ dwellings with more energy efficient models, renters who pay their energy bills could disproportionally benefit from energy savings if and to the extent landlords pass on the energy savings by not increasing rental fees. On the other hand, renters whose utility costs are included in their rent may not benefit from lower energy consumption when the landlord purchases more energy-efficient products if they do not pass on these energy cost savings to tenants in the form of lower rent.footnote 26 On the other hand, homeowners, who have the capacity modify their dwellings, have more flexibility in deciding when to purchase energy efficient products and can start benefiting from more efficient products before renters. In this respect, they are considered to be in a better position to benefit from the Amendment based on an internal study conducted in 2021 on intersectional gender-based issues in Canada’s energy efficiency sector.

Socio-economic situation (household size) - In general, since energy savings are determined by the household’s usage of a product, those households who use a product more frequently or for more hours would also have more energy savings relatively to those who don’t. For example, for some products such as water heaters, large-family households would save more money on energy bills relative to smaller households who use less hot water and therefore would not save as much.

Identity (persons with disabilities) - For most products in Amendment 18, changes to the energy efficiency requirements are not expected to modify product design changing the user experience and therefore, disproportional effects, positive or negative, are not expected for persons with mental and/or physical disabilities. More efficient room air conditioners can be heavier or larger, which could make installation more challenging according to an internal market study conducted in 2023 on room air conditioners. NRCan could not assess whether or not this could have a disproportional effect on people with disabilities. The Amendment would also cause the replacement of mechanical line voltage thermostats by electronic units, which have different functionality features. NRCan could not determine whether the change in the user feature from a dial button in mechanical line voltage thermostats to a digital screen (with buttons) in electronic units would result in a positive or negative impact, if any. NRCan will continue exploring the potential impacts of the Amendment on persons with disabilities.

Other equity-deserving population groups that were considered but for which no potential disproportional impacts specific to them (different from intersecting with the factors discussed above) were identified due to limited or no available information were women and non-binary gender identity, 2SLGBTQIA+, racialized groups, ethnicity, and single-parent families.

This analysis was informed by

Through the pre-consultation, stakeholders were asked to comment on the potential implications for any subset of the population, including gender-based analysis plus and indigenous considerations. No issues were raised associated with any of these groups.

If you have been negatively impacted by a previous amendment or believe you would be negatively impacted by the proposed changes in the Amendment, please contact us to share your experience.

Implementation, compliance and enforcement, and service standards

Coming into force

The Amendment would come into force six months after the date of publication in the Canada Gazette, Part II, except for specific products which would come into force on the day on which they are published in the Canada Gazette, Part II. For these specific products, transitional provisions are proposed.

Transitional provisions

Central air conditioners, central heat pumps and gas furnaces

To allow regulated parties to comply with either the new requirements included in this Amendment, or the former Regulations (i.e. the Regulations as they read immediately before the day on which the Amendment is published in the Canada Gazette, Part II). The transitional provision of six months would apply to the following energy-using products:

Electric water heaters

For electric water heaters, a transitional provision would be proposed where regulated parties would have the option to comply with the new requirements included in this Amendment or the former Regulations for a product manufactured on or after January 1, 2025, and before January 1, 2027.

Lamps

A transitional provision would also be proposed so that the former Regulations would continue to apply with respect to the following lamps:

Another transitional provision would also be proposed so that the labelling requirements of the former Regulations would continue to apply with respect to the following lamps:

Finally, a transitional provision of six months would be proposed so that the energy efficiency standards, testing standards, and information requirements of the former Regulations would continue to apply with respect to the following lamps:

Otherwise, all the new requirements would apply to the prescribed products based on their date of coming into force, manufacture or import or interprovincial shipment.

Stakeholders can refer to the Guide to Canada’s Energy Efficiency Regulations for more information.

The compliance and enforcement procedures already in place for all products prescribed under the Regulations would continue to be used following the coming into force of the Amendment. The main features of these procedures are explained below.

Verification marking and energy efficiency prescribed information

For products prescribed under the Regulations, NRCan employs a third-party verification system using the services of certification bodies accredited by the Standards Council of Canada. Verified energy performance data is submitted to NRCan by the regulated parties in an energy efficiency report. This report is required for each product model before the first importation or interprovincial shipment.

Prescribed information pertaining to imports and monitoring

Existing NRCan procedures for the collection of information for commercial imports of prescribed products apply to products affected by the Amendment. These procedures involve crosschecking required import data received from customs release documents with the energy efficiency reports that regulated parties have submitted to NRCan. This crosschecking ensures that the compliance of prescribed products imported into Canada can be verified.

The Regulations require regulated parties of prescribed products to provide the information needed for customs monitoring.

Direct fieldwork: market surveillance and product testing

In addition to ongoing compliance and marketplace monitoring activities, NRCan surveys and tests products in the context of monitoring compliance outcomes with product-specific compliance audits. Depending on the product, inspections, in-store audits and/or testing of products are also conducted.

NRCan also conducts product testing on a complaint-driven basis. The market is highly competitive, and suppliers are cognizant of performance claims made by their competitors.

Contact

Ben Copp
Senior Director
Demand Policy and Analysis Division
Office of Energy Efficiency
Energy Efficiency and Technology Sector
Natural Resources Canada
580 Booth Street
Ottawa, Ontario
K1A 0E4
Telephone: 613‑614‑4151
Email: EEregulations-reglementEE@nrcan-rncan.gc.ca

PROPOSED REGULATORY TEXT

Notice is given that the Governor in Council proposes to make the annexed Regulations Amending the Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016 (Amendment 18) under sections 20footnote a, 20.2footnote b and 25 of the Energy Efficiency Act footnote c.

Interested persons may make representations concerning the proposed Regulations within 70 days after the date of publication of this notice. They are strongly encouraged to use the online commenting feature that is available on the Canada Gazette website but if they use email, mail or any other means, the representations should cite the Canada Gazette, Part I, and the date of publication of this notice, and be sent to Ben Copp, Senior Director, Demand Policy and Analysis Division, Office of Energy Efficiency, Natural Resources Canada, 580 Booth Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0E4 (tel.: 613‑614‑4151; email: eeregulations-reglementee@nrcan-rncan.gc.ca).

Ottawa, June 17, 2024

Wendy Nixon
Assistant Clerk of the Privy Council

Regulations Amending the Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016 (Amendment 18)

Amendments

1 (1) Subsection 1(1) of the Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016 footnote 27 is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:

former Regulations
means these Regulations as they read immediately before the day on which subsection 1(1) of the Regulations Amending the Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016 (Amendment 18) comes into force. (règlement antérieur)
new Regulations
means these Regulations as they read on the day on which subsection 1(1) of the Regulations Amending the Energy Efficiency Regulations, 2016 (Amendment 18) comes into force. (nouveau règlement)

(2) The definition new Regulations in section of the Regulations is repealed.

(3) Subsection 1(3) of the Regulations is replaced by the following:

Incorporated standards

(3) In these Regulations, a reference to an AHRI, ANSI, ASHRAE, CGA, CIE, CSA, IEC, IEEE, IES or NEMA MG-1 standard or to a technical standards document is to be read as a reference to the standard or technical standards document as amended from time to time.

2 (1) Paragraph 4(2)(a) of the Regulations is repealed.

(2) Paragraph 4(2)(c) of the Regulations is repealed.

(3) Paragraph 4(2)(e) of the Regulations is repealed.

(4) Subsection 4(3) of the Regulations is repealed.

(5) Subsection 4(5) of the Regulations is repealed.

3 (1) Paragraph 5(1)(e) of the Regulations is amended by adding “or” at the end of subparagraph (i) and by repealing subparagraph (ii).

(2) Paragraph 5(1)(e) of the Regulations is amended by striking out “or” at the end of subparagraph (iii) and by repealing subparagraph (iv).

4 (1) The portion of subsection 6(1) of the Regulations before paragraph (b) is replaced by the following:

General service lamp life information

6 (1) Despite paragraph 5(1)(f), a dealer is not required to provide information related to the life of a general service lamp if

(2) Subsection 6(2) of the Regulations is replaced by the following:

Verified general service lamp life

(2) Within 30 days after the day on which the life testing of the general service lamp is completed, the dealer must provide the Minister with the following information:

5 (1) Paragraphs 11.1(z.09) and (z.10) of the Regulations are repealed.

(2) Section 11.1 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following after paragraph (z.20):

(3) Section 11.1 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following after paragraph (z.32):

(4) Section 11.1 of the Regulations is amended by striking out “and” at the end of paragraph (z.33) and by adding the following after paragraph (z.34):

6 (1) The definition space-constrained in section 107 of the English version of the Regulations is amended by replacing paragraph (b) by the following:

(2) Section 107 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:

CEER
means the combined energy efficiency ratio of the product, expressed in British thermal units per watt hour, that constitutes a single measure of its energy efficiency and that integrates standby mode and off mode energy use with on mode energy use. (CEER)
10 C.F.R. Appendix F1
means Appendix F1 to Subpart F, Part 431 of Title 10 to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, entitled Uniform Test Method for the Measurement of Energy Consumption of Air-Cooled, Three-Phase, Small Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment With a Cooling Capacity of Less Than 65,000 Btu/h and Air-Cooled, Three-Phase, Variable Refrigerant Flow Multi-Split Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps With a Cooling Capacity of Less Than 65,000 Btu/h, as amended from time to time. (appendice F1 10 C.F.R.)

7 (1) The definitions CEER, CSA 368.1-14 and CSA C62301 in section 108 of the Regulations are repealed.

(2) Section 108 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:

TSD D2SA001
means the technical standards document D2SA001 published by the Minister and entitled Testing Standard and Energy Efficiency Standards for Room Air Conditioners. (DNT D2SA001)

8 Section 110 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:

Cooling capacity category

110 For the purposes of these Regulations, the cooling capacity category of a room air conditioner is the applicable cooling capacity range set out in

9 Subsection 111(2) of the Regulations is replaced by the following:

Limit

(2) However, for the purposes of sections 4, 5, 112, 114 and 115, a room air conditioner is not considered to be an energy-using product unless it is manufactured on or after February 3, 1995.

10 The portion of item 2 of the table to section 112 of the Regulations in columns 1 and 2 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 1

Testing Standard

Column 2

Energy Efficiency Standard
2 Part 1 of TSD D2SA001 Part 2 of TSD D2SA001
11 The portion of item 2 of the table to section 113 of the Regulations in column 2 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 2

Testing Standard
2 Part 1 of TSD D2SA001, for information set out in paragraphs (b) and (c)

12 Section 115 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:

Manner of labelling

115 The label must be displayed on the principal display panel of the product’s package

13 Section 116 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:

10 C.F.R. Appendix A
means Appendix A to Subpart F, Part 431 of Title 10 to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, entitled Uniform Test Method for the Measurement of Energy Consumption of Air-Cooled Small (≥65,000 Btu/h), Large, and Very Large Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment, as amended from time to time. (appendice A 10 C.F.R.)
14 Items 3 to 16 of Table 1 to section 118 of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Energy Efficiency Standard

Column 4

Period of Manufacture
3 Large air conditioners that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 19 kW and < 40 kW and either without a heating section or with an electric heating section CSA C746-17
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 11.2
  • IEER ≥ 12.9
 On or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2023
4 Large air conditioners that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 19 kW and < 40 kW and either without a heating section or with an electric heating section CSA C746-17 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix A
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 11.2
  • IEER ≥ 14.8
 On or after January 1, 2023
5 Large air conditioners that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 40 kW an < 70 kW and either without a heating section or with an electric heating section CSA C746-98 Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 9.7 On or after December 31, 1998 and before January 1, 2010
6 Large air conditioners that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 40 kW and < 70 kW and either without a heating section or with an electric heating section CSA C746-06 for energy efficiency ratio AHRI 340/360 for IEER
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 11.0
  • IEER ≥ 11.2
 On or after January 1, 2010 and before January 1, 2018
7 Large air conditioners that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 40 kW and < 70 kW and either without a heating section or with an electric heating section CSA C746-17
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 11.0
  • IEER ≥ 12.4
 On or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2023
8 Large air conditioners that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 40 kW and < 70 kW and either without a heating section or with an electric heating section CSA C746-17 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix A
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 11.0
  • IEER ≥ 14.2
 On or after January 1, 2023
9 Large air conditioners that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 70 kW and < 223 kW and either without a heating section or with an electric heating section CSA C746-06 for energy efficiency ratio AHRI 340/360 for IEER
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 10.0
  • IEER ≥ 10.1
 On or after January 1, 2010 and before January 1, 2018
10 Large air conditioners that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 70 kW and < 223 kW and either without a heating section or with an electric heating section CSA C746-17
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 10.0
  • IEER ≥ 11.6
 On or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2023
11 Large air conditioners that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 70 kW and < 223 kW and either without a heating section or with an electric heating section CSA C746-17 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix A
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 10.0
  • IEER ≥ 13.2
 On or after January 1, 2023
12 Large air conditioners that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 19 kW and < 40 kW and a heating section other than an electric heating section CSA C746-98 Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 10.1 On or after December 31, 1998 and before January 1, 2010
13 Large air conditioners that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 19 kW and < 40 kW and a heating section other than an electric heating section CSA C746-06 for energy efficiency ratio AHRI 340/360 for IEER
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 11.0
  • IEER ≥ 11.2
 On or after January 1, 2010 and before January 1, 2018
14 Large air conditioners that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 19 kW and < 40 kW and a heating section other than an electric heating section CSA C746-17
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 11.0
  • IEER ≥ 12.7
 On or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2023
15 Large air conditioners that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 19 kW and < 40 kW and a heating section other than an electric heating section CSA C746-17 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix A
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 11.0
  • IEER ≥ 14.6
 On or after January 1, 2023
16 Large air conditioners that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 40 kW and < 70 kW and a heating section other than an electric heating section CSA C746-98 Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 9.5 On or after December 31, 1998 and before January 1, 2010
17 Large air conditioners that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 40 kW and < 70 kW and a heating section other than an electric heating section CSA C746-06 for energy efficiency ratio AHRI 340/360 for IEER
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 10.8
  • IEER ≥ 11.0
 On or after January 1, 2010 and before January 1, 2018
18 Large air conditioners that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 40 kW and < 70 kW and a heating section other than an electric heating section CSA C746-17
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 10.8
  • IEER ≥ 12.2
 On or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2023
19 Large air conditioners that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 40 kW and < 70 kW and a heating section other than an electric heating section CSA C746-17 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix A
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 10.8
  • IEER ≥ 14.0
 On or after January 1, 2023
20 Large air conditioners that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 70 kW and < 223 kW and a heating section other than an electric heating section CSA C746-06 for energy efficiency ratio AHRI 340/360 for IEER
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 9.8
  • IEER ≥ 9.9
 On or after January 1, 2010 and before January 1, 2018
21 Large air conditioners that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 70 kW and < 223 kW and a heating section other than an electric heating section CSA C746-17
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 9.8
  • IEER ≥ 11.4
 On or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2023
22 Large air conditioners that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 70 kW and < 223 kW and a heating section other than an electric heating section CSA C746-17 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix A
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 9.8
  • IEER ≥ 13.0
 On or after January 1, 2023
15 (1) The portion of item 3 of the table to section 119 of the Regulations in column 1 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product
3 Large air conditioners manufactured on or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2023
(2) The table to section 119 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following after item 3:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Information
4 Large air conditioners manufactured on or after January 1, 2023 CSA C746-17 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix A
  • (a) product classification set out in Column II of Table 1 of CSA C746-17;
  • (b) cooling capacity, in kW (Btu/h);
  • (c) energy efficiency ratio;
  • (d) IEER; and
  • (e) information that indicates whether the product has a heating section and, if so, whether it is electric or other than electric.
16 (1) The portion of item 2 of Table 2 to section 126 of the Regulations in column 4 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 4

Period of Manufacture
2 On or after January 1, 2023 and before January 1, 2025
(2) Items 3 to 5 of Table 2 to section 126 of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Energy Efficiency Standard

Column 4

Period of Manufacture
3 Single package central air conditioners, other than those that are space-constrained 10 C.F.R. Appendix F1 Seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2 ≥ 13.4 On or after January 1, 2025
4 Single package central air conditioners that are through-the-wall CSA C656-05 Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 12.0 On or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023
5 Single package central air conditioners that are space-constrained CSA C656-14 Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 12.0 On or after January 1, 2023 and before January 1, 2025
6 Single package central air conditioners that are space-constrained 10 C.F.R. Appendix F1 Seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2 ≥ 13.9 On or after January 1, 2025
7 Single package central air conditioners that are small-duct and high-velocity CSA C656-14 Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 12.0 On or after January 1, 2017 and before January 1, 2023
17 (1) The portion of item 5 of the table to section 127 of the Regulations in column 1 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product
5 Single package central air conditioners that are three-phase and manufactured on or after January 1, 2023 and before January 1, 2025
(2) The table to section 127 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following after item 5:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Information
5.1 Single package central air conditioners that are three-phase and manufactured on or after January 1, 2025 10 C.F.R. Appendix F1 for information set out in paragraphs (b) and (c)
  • (a) type;
  • (b) cooling capacity in kW (Btu/h);
  • (c) seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2; and
  • (d) phase of electric current.

18 (1) The Regulations are amended by adding the following after section 127:

Transitional provision — early compliance

127.1 A single package central air conditioner that satisfies the requirements of sections 126 and 127 of the new Regulations is deemed to satisfy the requirements of sections 126 and 127.

(2) Section 127.1 of the Regulations is repealed.

19 (1) The portion of item 1 of Table 2 to section 134 of the Regulations in column 4 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 4

Period of Manufacture
1 On or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2025
(2) Item 2 of Table 2 to section 134 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Energy Efficiency Standard

Column 4

Period of Manufacture
2 Split system central air conditioners, other than those that are space-constrained or small-duct and high-velocity 10 C.F.R. Appendix F1 Seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2 ≥ 13.4 On or after January 1, 2025
3 Split system central air conditioners that are small-duct and high-velocity CSA C656-14 Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 12.0 On or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2025
4 Split system central air conditioners that are small-duct and high-velocity 10 C.F.R. Appendix F1 Seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2 ≥ 13.0 On or after January 1, 2025
5 Split-system central air conditioners that are space-constrained 10 C.F.R. Appendix F1 Seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2 ≥ 12.7 On or after January 1, 2025
20 (1) The portion of item 2 of the table to section 135 of the Regulations in column 1 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product
2 Split system central air conditioners that are three-phase and manufactured on or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2025
(2) The table to section 135 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following after item 2:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Information
2.1 Split-system central air conditioners that are three-phase and manufactured on or after January 1, 2025 10 C.F.R. Appendix F1 for information set out in paragraphs (b) and (c)
  • (a) type;
  • (b) cooling capacity in kW (Btu/h);
  • (c) seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2; and
  • (d) phase of electric current.

21 (1) The Regulations are amended by adding the following after section 135:

Transitional provision — early compliance

135.1 A split system central air conditioner that satisfies the requirements of sections 134 and 135 of the new Regulations is deemed to satisfy the requirements of sections 134 and 135.

(2) Section 135.1 of the Regulations is repealed.

22 (1) Paragraph (c) of the definition portable air conditioner in section 144 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:

(2) Section 144 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:

SACC
means the seasonally adjusted cooling capacity of the product, expressed in kilowatts (British thermal units per hour), that constitutes the amount of cooling provided to the conditioned space. (SACC)

23 Subsection 145(2) of the Regulations is replaced by the following:

Limit

(2) However, a portable air conditioner is not considered to be an energy-using product

24 The Regulations are amended by adding the following after section 145:

Energy efficiency standard

145.1 (1) The energy efficiency standard applicable to a portable air conditioner is that it must have a CEER equal to or greater than the result determined by the formula

1.04 A ÷ (3.7117 A0.6384)
where
A
is SACC expressed in Btu/h.

Testing standard

(2) A portable air conditioner complies with the energy efficiency standard if it meets that standard when tested in accordance with the applicable testing procedures established by 10 C.F.R. Appendix CC.

25 Paragraphs 146(1)(a) and (b) of the Regulations are replaced by the following:

26 The reference "[147 to 185 reserved]" after section 146 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:

Form of labelling

147 A portable air conditioner manufactured on or after January 10, 2025 must be labelled in the form set out in Schedule 4.

Manner of labelling

148 The label must be displayed on the principal display panel of the product’s package, either

[149 to 185 reserved]

27 (1) Paragraph (b) of the definition space-constrained in section 186 of the English version of the Regulations is replaced by the following by the following:

(2) Section 186 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:

10 C.F.R. Appendix F1
means Appendix F1 to Subpart F, Part 431 of Title 10 to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, entitled Uniform Test Method for the Measurement of Energy Consumption of Air-Cooled, Three-Phase, Small Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment With a Cooling Capacity of Less Than 65,000 Btu/h and Air-Cooled, Three-Phase, Variable Refrigerant Flow Multi-Split Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps With a Cooling Capacity of Less Than 65,000 Btu/h, as amended from time to time. (appendice F1 10 C.F.R.)

28 Section 195 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:

10 C.F.R. Appendix A
means Appendix A to Subpart F, Part 431 of Title 10 to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, entitled Uniform Test Method for the Measurement of Energy Consumption of Air-Cooled Small (≥65,000 Btu/h), Large, and Very Large Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment, as amended from time to time. (appendice A 10 C.F.R.)
29 (1) The portion of item 3 of Table 1 to section 197 of the Regulations in column 4 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 4

Period of Manufacture
3 On or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2023
(2) Items 4 to 8 of Table 1 to section 197 of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Energy Efficiency Standard

Column 4

Period of Manufacture
4 Large heat pumps that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 19 kW and < 40 kW CSA C746-17 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix A
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 11.0
  • Heating coefficient of performance ≥ 3.4 with 8.3°C inlet air and ≥ 2.25 with –8.3°C inlet air
  • IEER ≥ 14.1
 On or after January 1, 2023
5 Large heat pumps that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 40 kW and < 70 kW CSA C746-98
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 9.3
  • Heating coefficient of performance ≥ 3.1 with 8.3°C inlet air and ≥ 2.0 with –8.3°C inlet air
 On or after December 31, 1998 and before January 1, 2010
6 Large heat pumps that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 40 kW and < 70 kW CSA C746-06 for energy efficiency ratio and heating coefficient of performance AHRI 340/360 for IEER
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 10.6
  • Heating coefficient of performance ≥ 3.2 with 8.3°C inlet air and ≥ 2.05 with –8.3°C inlet air
  • IEER ≥ 10.7
 On or after January 1, 2010 and before January 1, 2018
7 Large heat pumps that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 40 kW and < 70 kW CSA C746-17
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 10.6
  • Heating coefficient of performance ≥ 3.2 with 8.3°C inlet air and ≥ 2.05 with –8.3°C inlet air
  • IEER ≥ 11.6
 On or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2023
8 Large heat pumps that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 40 kW and < 70 kW CSA C746-17 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix A
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 10.6
  • Heating coefficient of performance ≥ 3.3 with 8.3°C inlet air and ≥ 2.05 with –8.3°C inlet air
  • IEER ≥ 13.5
 On or after January 1, 2023
9 Large heat pumps that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 70 kW and < 223 kW CSA C746-06 for energy efficiency ratio and heating coefficient of performance AHRI 340/360 for IEER
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 9.5
  • Heating coefficient of performance ≥ 3.2 with 8.3°C inlet air and ≥ 2.05 with –8.3°C inlet air
  • IEER ≥ 9.6
 On or after January 1, 2010 and before January 1, 2018
10 Large heat pumps that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 70 kW and < 223 kW CSA C746-17
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 9.5
  • Heating coefficient of performance ≥ 3.2 with 8.3°C inlet air and ≥ 2.05 with –8.3°C inlet air
  • IEER ≥ 10.6
 On or after January 1, 2018 but before January 1, 2023
11 Large heat pumps that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 70 kW and < 223 kW CSA C746-17 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix A
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 9.5
  • Heating coefficient of performance ≥ 3.2 with 8.3°C inlet air and ≥ 2.05 with –8.3°C inlet air
  • IEER ≥ 12.5
 On or after January 1, 2023
(3) The portion of item 3 of Table 2 to section 197 of the Regulations in column 4 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 4

Period of Manufacture
3 On or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2023
(4) Items 4 to 8 of Table 2 to section 197 of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Energy Efficiency Standard

Column 4

Period of Manufacture
4 Large heat pumps that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 19 kW and < 40 kW CSA C746-17 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix A
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 10.8
  • Heating coefficient of performance ≥ 3.4 with 8.3°C inlet air and ≥ 2.25 with –8.3°C inlet air
  • IEER ≥ 13.9
 On or after January 1, 2023
5 Large heat pumps that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 40 kW and < 70 kW CSA C746-98
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 9.1
  • Heating coefficient of performance ≥ 3.1 with 8.3°C inlet air and ≥ 2.0 with –8.3°C inlet air
 On or after December 31, 1998 and before January 1, 2010
6 Large heat pumps that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 40 kW and < 70 kW CSA C746-06 for energy efficiency ratio and heating coefficient of performance AHRI 340/360 for IEER
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 10.4
  • Heating coefficient of performance ≥ 3.2 with 8.3°C inlet air and ≥ 2.05 with –8.3°C inlet air
  • IEER ≥ 10.5
 On or after January 1, 2010 and before January 1, 2018
7 Large heat pumps that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 40 kW and < 70 kW CSA C746-17
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 10.4
  • Heating coefficient of performance ≥ 3.2 with 8.3°C inlet air and ≥ 2.05 with –8.3°C inlet air
  • IEER ≥ 11.4
 On or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2023
8 Large heat pumps that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 40 kW and < 70 kW CSA C746-17 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix A
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 10.4
  • Heating coefficient of performance ≥ 3.3 with 8.3°C inlet air and ≥ 2.05 with –8.3°C inlet air
  • IEER ≥ 13.3
 On or after January 1, 2023
9 Large heat pumps that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 70 kW and < 223 kW CSA C746-06 for energy efficiency ratio and heating coefficient of performance AHRI 340/360 for IEER
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 9.3
  • Heating coefficient of performance ≥ 3.2 with 8.3°C inlet air and ≥ 2.05 with –8.3°C inlet air
  • IEER ≥ 9.4
 On or after January 1, 2010 and before January 1, 2018
10 Large heat pumps that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 70 kW and < 223 kW CSA C746-17
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 9.3
  • Heating coefficient of performance ≥ 3.2 with 8.3°C inlet air and ≥ 2.05 with –8.3°C inlet air
  • IEER ≥ 10.4
 On or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2023
11 Large heat pumps that have a cooling capacity of ≥ 70 kW and < 223 kW CSA C746-17 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix A
  • Energy efficiency ratio ≥ 9.3
  • Heating coefficient of performance ≥ 3.2 with 8.3°C inlet air and ≥ 2.05 with –8.3°C inlet air
  • IEER ≥ 12.3
 On or after January 1, 2023
30 (1) The portion of item 3 of the table to section 198 of the Regulations in column 1 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product
3 Large heat pumps manufactured on or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2023
(2) The table to section 198 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following after item 3:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Information
4 Large heat pumps manufactured on or after January 1, 2023 CSA C746-17 or 10 C.F.R. Appendix A
  • (a) product classification set out in columns II and III of Table 2 of CSA C746-17;
  • (b) cooling capacity, in kW (Btu/h);
  • (c) energy efficiency ratio;
  • (d) heating capacity, in kW (Btu/h);
  • (e) heating coefficient of performance at 8.3°C;
  • (f) heating coefficient of performance at –8.3°C;
  • (g) information that indicates whether the product has a heating section and, if so, whether it is electric or other than electric; and
  • (h) IEER.
31 (1) The portion of items 6 and 7 of Table 1 to section 205 of the Regulations in column 2 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 2

Testing Standard
6 10 C.F.R. Appendix M1 except that the very low temperature heating test (H4) must be conducted
7 10 C.F.R. Appendix M1 except that the very low temperature heating test (H4) must be conducted
(2) Items 2 to 5 of Table 2 to section 205 of the Regulations are replaced by the following:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Energy Efficiency Standard

Column 4

Period of Manufacture
2 Single package central heat pumps that are through-the-wall CSA C656-05
  • Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 12.0
  • Heating seasonal performance factor (Region V) ≥ 6.4
 On or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023
3 Single package central heat pumps that are small-duct and high-velocity CSA C656-14
  • Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 12.0
  • Heating seasonal performance factor (Region V) ≥ 6.3
 On or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2023
4 Single package central heat pumps, other than those that are space-constrained CSA C656-14
  • Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 14.0
  • Heating seasonal performance factor (Region V) ≥ 7.0
 On or after January 1, 2023 and before January 1, 2025
5 Single package central heat pumps that are space-constrained CSA C656-14
  • Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 12.0
  • Heating seasonal performance factor (Region V) ≥ 6.4
 On or after January 1, 2023 and before January 1, 2025
6 Single package central heat pumps, other than those that are space-constrained 10 C.F.R. Appendix F1, except that the very low temperature heating test (H4) must be conducted
  • Seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2 ≥ 13.4
  • Heating seasonal performance factor 2 (Region V) ≥ 5.3
 On or after January 1, 2025
7 Single package central heat pumps that are space-constrained 10 C.F.R. Appendix F1, except that the very low temperature heating test (H4) must be conducted
  • Seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2 ≥ 13.9
  • Heating seasonal performance factor 2 (Region V) ≥ 5.3
 On or after January 1, 2025
32 (1) The portion of item 5 of the table to section 206 of the Regulations in column 3 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 3

Information
5
  • (a) type;
  • (b) cooling capacity in kW (Btu/h);
  • (c) heating capacity at 8.3°C (47°F) in kW (Btu/h);
  • (d) seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2;
  • (e) information that indicates whether the results from the very low temperature heating test (H4) were included in the calculation of the heating seasonal performance factor 2 for Region V;
  • (f) heating seasonal performance factor 2 for Region V;
  • (g) heating capacity at -15°C (5°F) in kW (Btu/h), if the very low temperature heating test (H4) was conducted;
  • (h) coefficient of performance at -15°C (5°F), if the very low temperature heating test (H4) was conducted;
  • (i) off mode power consumption, in watts; and
  • (j) phase of electric current.
(2) The portion of item 6 of the table to section 206 of the Regulations in column 2 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 2

Testing Standard
6 10 C.F.R. Appendix M1 except that the very low temperature heating test (H4) must be conducted for information set out in paragraphs (b) to (h)
(3) The portion of item 7 of the table to section 206 of the Regulations in column 1 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product
7 Single package central heat pumps that are three-phase and manufactured on or after January 1, 2023 and before January 1, 2025
(4) The table to section 206 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following after item 7:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Information
8 Single package central heat pumps that are three-phase and manufactured on or after January 1, 2025 10 C.F.R. Appendix F1, except that the very low temperature heating test (H4) must be conducted for information set out in paragraphs (b) to (g)
  • (a) type;
  • (b) cooling capacity in kW (Btu/h);
  • (c) heating capacity at 8.3°C (47°F) in kW (Btu/h);
  • (d) seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2;
  • (e) heating seasonal performance factor 2 for region V;
  • (f) heating capacity at -15°C (5°F) in kW (Btu/h);
  • (g) coefficient of performance at -15°C (5°F); and
  • (h) phase of electric current.

33 (1) The Regulations are amended by adding the following after section 206:

Transitional provision — early compliance

206.1 A single package central heat pump that satisfies the requirements sections 205 and 206 of the new Regulations is deemed to satisfy the requirements of sections 205 and 206.

(2) Section 206.1 of the Regulations is repealed.

34 Table 2 to section 213 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:

TABLE 2
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Energy Efficiency Standard

Column 4

Period of Manufacture
1 Split system central heat pumps, other than those that are small-duct and high-velocity CSA C656-14
  • Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 14.0
  • Heating seasonal performance factor (Region V) ≥ 7.1
 On or after December 31, 1998 and before January 1, 2025
2 Split system central heat pumps that are small-duct and high-velocity CSA C656-14
  • Seasonal energy efficiency ratio ≥ 12.0
  • Heating seasonal performance factor (Region V) ≥ 6.3
 On or after December 31, 1998 and before January 1, 2025
3 Split system central heat pumps, other than those that are space-constrained or small-duct and high-velocity 10 C.F.R. Appendix F1, except that the very low temperature heating test (H4) must be conducted
  • Seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2 ≥ 14.3
  • Heating seasonal performance factor 2 (Region V) ≥ 6.0
 On or after January 1, 2025
4 Split system central heat pumps that are space-constrained 10 C.F.R. Appendix F1, except that the very low temperature heating test (H4) must be conducted
  • Seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2 ≥ 13.9
  • Heating seasonal performance factor 2 (Region V) ≥ 5.6
 On or after January 1, 2025
5 Split system central heat pumps that are small-duct and high-velocity 10 C.F.R. Appendix F1, except that the very low temperature heating test (H4) must be conducted
  • Seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2 ≥ 14.0
  • Heating seasonal performance factor 2 (Region V) ≥ 5.5
 On or after January 1, 2025
35 (1) The portion of item 2 of the table to section 214 of the Regulations in column 3 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 3

Information
2
  • (a) type;
  • (b) cooling capacity in kW (Btu/h);
  • (c) heating capacity at 8.3°C (47°F) in kW (Btu/h);
  • (d) seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2;
  • (e) information that indicates whether the results from the very low temperature heating test (H4) were included in the calculation of the heating seasonal performance factor 2 for Region V;
  • (f) heating seasonal performance factor 2 for Region V;
  • (g) heating capacity at -15°C (5°F) in kW (Btu/h), if the very low temperature heating test (H4) was conducted;
  • (h) coefficient of performance at -15°C (5°F), if the very low temperature heating test (H4) was conducted;
  • (i) off mode power consumption, in watts; and
  • (j) phase of electric current.
(2) The portion of item 3 of the table to section 214 of the Regulations in column 2 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 2

Testing Standard
3 10 C.F.R. Appendix M1 except that the very low temperature heating test (H4) must be conducted for information set out in paragraphs (b) to (h)
(3) Item 4 of the table to section 214 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Information
4 Split system central heat pumps that are three-phase and manufactured on or after December 31, 1998 and before January 1, 2025 CSA C656-14 for information set out in paragraphs (a) to (e)
  • (a) product classification set out in column II of Table 1 to CSA C656-14;
  • (b) cooling capacity in kW (Btu/h);
  • (c) heating capacity in kW (Btu/h);
  • (d) seasonal energy efficiency ratio;
  • (e) heating seasonal performance factor and the region for the factor; and
  • (f) phase of electric current.
5 Split system central heat pumps that are three-phase and manufactured on or after January 1, 2025 10 C.F.R. Appendix F1 except that the very low temperature heating test (H4) must be conducted for information set out in paragraphs (b) to (g)
  • (a) type
  • (b) cooling capacity in kW (Btu/h);
  • (c) heating capacity at 8.3°C (47°F) in kW (Btu/h);
  • (d) seasonal energy efficiency ratio 2;
  • (e) heating seasonal performance factor 2 for region V;
  • (f) heating capacity at -15°C (5°F) in kW (Btu/h);
  • (g) coefficient of performance at -15°C (5°F); and
  • (h) phase of electric current.

36 (1) The Regulations are amended by adding the following after section 214:

Transitional provision — early compliance

214.1 A split system central heat pump that satisfies the requirements of sections 213 and 214 of the new Regulations is deemed to satisfy the requirements of sections 213 and 214.

(2) Section 214.1 of the Regulations is repealed.

37 Section 257 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:

space-constrained,
with respect to a gas furnace, means one that
  • (a) uses single-phase electric current; and
  • (b) has an outdoor or indoor unit
    • (i) that has either an overall displacement that is — or two or more overall exterior dimensions that are — substantially smaller than those of other units of a similar heating capacity that are usually installed in single-family homes, and
    • (ii) with respect to which an increase in the overall displacement or two or more overall exterior dimensions would result in a considerable increase in the usual cost of installation or in a significant loss in the utility of the product to the consumer. (à espace restreint)
38 Item 5.1 of the table to section 259 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Energy Efficiency Standard

Column 4

Period of Manufacture
5.1 Gas furnaces, other than gas furnaces for relocatable buildings or a replacement non-condensing gas furnace, that are space-constrained, have an input rate of ≤ 65.92 kW (225,000 Btu/h) and have an integrated cooling component CSA P.2 for annual fuel utilization efficiency Annual fuel utilization efficiency ≥ 90% On or after January 1, 2024
39 (1) Item 2.3 of the table to section 260 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Information
2.3 Gas furnaces, other than gas furnaces for relocatable buildings or replacement non-condensing gas furnaces, that are space-constrained, have an input rate of ≤ 65.92 kW (225,000 Btu/h), that have an integrated cooling component and that are manufactured on or after January 1, 2024 CSA P.2 for information set out in paragraphs (a) to (c)
  • (a) maximum heat input and output nominal capacities, in kW (Btu/h);
  • (b) annual fuel utilization efficiency;
  • (c) type of fuel used; and
  • (d) type of blower fan motor, namely brushless permanent magnet, permanent split-capacitor or other.
(2) The table to section 260 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following after item 4:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Information
5 Gas furnaces for relocatable buildings manufactured on or after January 1, 2024
  • CSA P.2 for information set out in paragraphs (a) to (c)
  • 10 C.F.R. Appendix AA for information set out in paragraphs (d) and (e)
  • (a) maximum heat input and output nominal capacities, in kW (Btu/h);
  • (b) annual fuel utilization efficiency;
  • (c) type of fuel used;
  • (d) FER, expressed in W/472 L/s (W/1,000 ftfootnote 3/min); and
  • (e) product’s maximum airflow (Qmax), expressed in L/s (ftfootnote 3/min).
6 Replacement non-condensing gas furnaces manufactured on or after January 1, 2024
  • CSA P.2 for information set out in paragraphs (a) to (c)
  • 10 C.F.R. Appendix AA for information set out in paragraphs (d) and (e)
  • (a) maximum heat input and output nominal capacities, in kW (Btu/h);
  • (b) annual fuel utilization efficiency;
  • (c) type of fuel used;
  • (d) FER, expressed in W/472 L/s (W/1,000 ftfootnote 3/min); and
  • (e) product’s maximum airflow (Qmax), expressed in L/s (ftfootnote 3/min).

40 (1) The Regulations are amended by adding the following after section 260:

Transitional provision — early compliance

260.1 A gas furnace that satisfies the requirements of sections 259 and 260 of the new Regulations is deemed to satisfy the requirements of sections 259 and 260.

(2) Section 260.1 of the Regulations is repealed.

41 (1) The definition first-hour rating in section 369 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:

first-hour rating
means, in respect of an electric water heater, gas-fired storage water heater or oil-fired water heater, the measure of the maximum volume of hot water that the water heater can supply within an hour that begins when the water in the water heater is fully heated. (capacité de première heure)

(2) Section 369 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:

electric water heater
means a stationary electric storage tank water heater that is intended for use on a pressurized water system and that has a Vr of at least 50 L (13.21 US gallons). (chauffe-eau électrique)
gas-fired instantaneous water heater
means a flow-activated water heater that uses natural gas or propane for fuel, that has a Vr that is less than or equal to 38 L (10 US gallons) and that has an input rate to Vr ratio of not less than 309 W/L (4,000 Btu/h/US gallon). (chauffe-eau instantané au gaz)
gas-fired storage water heater
means a stationary gas-heated water container that uses propane or natural gas for fuel and has a Vr of at least 76 L (20 US gallons). (chauffe-eau à réservoir alimenté au gaz)
oil-fired water heater
means a water heater that uses oil for fuel and that has a Vr of at least 76 L (20 US gallons). (chauffe-eau à mazout)
10 C.F.R. Appendix E
means Appendix E to Subpart B, Part 430 of Title 10 to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, entitled Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy Consumption of Water Heaters, as amended from time to time. (appendice E 10 C.F.R.)
Veff
means the effective storage volume, expressed in litres, of a water heater’s storage tank, as determined in accordance with 10 C.F.R. Appendix E. (Veff)

(3) Section 369 of the Regulations is renumbered as subsection 369(1) and is amended by adding the following:

Interpretation — draw pattern

(2) In this Division, a reference to

42 The definition electric water heater in section 370 of the Regulations is repealed.

43 (1) Subsection 372(1) of the Regulations is replaced by the following:

Energy efficiency standards

372 (1) The energy efficiency standards set out in column 3 of the table to this section apply to an electric water heater described in column 1 that is manufactured during the periods set out in column 4.

(2) The table to section 372 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:

TABLE
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Energy Efficiency Standard

Column 4

Period of Manufacture
1 Household electric water heaters that have a bottom inlet and a Vr of ≥ 50 L (13.2 US gallons) but ≤ 270 L (71.3 US gallons) CSA C191-04 Standby loss, in W, ≤ 40 + 0.2 Vr On or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2025
2 Household electric water heaters that have a bottom inlet and a Vr of > 270 L (71.3 US gallons) but ≤ 454 L (120 US gallons) CSA C191-04 Standby loss, in W, ≤ 0.472 Vr - 33.5 On or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2025
3 Household electric water heaters that have a top inlet and a Vr of ≥ 50 L (13.2 US gallons) but ≤ 270 L (71.3 US gallons) CSA C191-04 Standby loss, in W, ≤ 35 + 0.2 Vr On or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2025
4 Household electric water heaters that have a top inlet and a Vr of > 270 L (71.3 US gallons but ≤ 454 L (120 US gallons) CSA C191-04 Standby loss, in W, ≤ 0.472 Vr - 38.5 On or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2025
5 Household electric water heaters that have a Veff of ≥ 50 L (13.2 US gallons) but ≤ 208 L (55 US gallons) 10 C.F.R. Appendix E Must have at least one of the following:
  • (a) uniform energy factor of ≥ 0.8808 - 0.000211 Veff, if draw pattern is very-small-usage;
  • (b) uniform energy factor of ≥ 0.9254 - 0.000079 Veff, if draw pattern is low-usage;
  • (c) uniform energy factor ≥ 0.9307 - 0.000053 Veff, if draw pattern is medium-usage;
  • (d) uniform energy factor ≥ 0.9349 - 0.000026 Veff, if a draw pattern is high-usage.
 On or after January 1, 2025
6 Household electric water heaters that have a Veff of ˃ 208 L (55 US gallons) but ≤ 454 L (120 US gallons) 10 C.F.R. Appendix E Uniform energy factor ≥ 0.9349 - 0.000026 Veff On or after January 1, 2025
7 Commercial electric water heaters 10 C.F.R. Appendix B Standby loss, in %/hr ≤ 0.3 + 102.2/Vs On or after January 1, 2020
44 (1) The portion of item 1 of the table to section 373 of the Regulations in column 1 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product
1 Household electric water heaters manufactured on or after February 3, 1995 and before January 1, 2025
(2) The table to section 373 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following after item 1:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Information
1.1 Household electric water heaters that are manufactured on or after January 1, 2025 10 C.F.R. Appendix E
  • (a) input rate, in kW (Btu/h);
  • (b) annual energy consumption in kWh;
  • (c) first-hour rating, in L;
  • (d) Vr;
  • (e) Veff; and
  • (f) uniform energy factor.

45 (1) The Regulations are amended by adding the following after section 373:

Transitional provision — early compliance

373.1 An electric water heater that is manufactured on or after January 1, 2025 and that satisfies the requirements of the new Regulations is deemed to satisfy the requirements of these Regulations.

(2) Section 373.1 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:

Former regulations apply

373.1 An electric water heater that is manufactured on or after January 1, 2025 and before January 1, 2027 and that satisfies the requirements of the former Regulations is deemed to satisfy the requirements of these Regulations.

46 The definition gas-fired storage water heater in section 374 of the Regulations is repealed.

47 (1) The portion of items 3 to 6 of Table 1 to section 376 of the Regulations in column 4 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 4

Period of Manufacture
3 On or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2025
4 On or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2025
5 On or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2025
6 On or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2025
(2) Table 1 to section 376 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following after item 6:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Energy Efficiency Standard

Column 4

Period of Manufacture
7 Household gas-fired storage water heaters 10 C.F.R. Appendix E Must have at least one of the following:
  • (a) uniform energy factor of ≥ 0.3456 − 0.00053 Veff, if draw pattern is very-small-usage;
  • (b) uniform energy factor of ≥ 0.5982 − 0.00050 Veff, if draw pattern is low-usage;
  • (c) uniform energy factor of ≥ 0.6483 − 0.00045 Veff, if draw pattern is medium-usage;
  • (d) uniform energy factor of ≥ 0.692 − 0.00034 Veff, if draw pattern is high-usage.
 On or after January 1, 2025
48 (1) The portion of item 1 of the table to section 377 of the Regulations in column 3 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 3

Information
1
  • (a) Input rate, in kW (Btu/h);
  • (b) recovery efficiency;
  • (c) type of fuel used;
  • (d) annual energy consumption, in kJ (Btu);
  • (e) first-hour rating, in L;
  • (f) Vr; and
  • (g) energy factor.
(2) The portion of item 2 of the table to section 377 of the Regulations in columns 1 and 3 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 3

Information
2 Household gas-fired storage water heaters that are manufactured on or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2025
  • (a) input rate, in kW (Btu/h);
  • (b) recovery efficiency;
  • (c) type of fuel used;
  • (d) annual energy consumption, in kJ (Btu);
  • (e) first-hour rating, in L;
  • (f) Vr;
  • (g) energy factor, if a certification body has verified that the product is in compliance with the energy efficiency standard set out in any of paragraphs 3(a), 4(a), 5(a) and 6(a) of Table 1 to section 376; and
  • (h) uniform energy factor and Vs, if a certification body has verified that the product is in compliance with the energy efficiency standard set out in any of paragraphs 3(b), 4(b), 5(b) and 6(b) of Table 1 to section 376.
(3) The table to section 377 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following after item 2:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Information
2.1 Household gas-fired storage water heaters that are manufactured on or after January 1, 2025 10 C.F.R. Appendix E
  • (a) Vr;
  • (b) Veff;
  • (c) type of fuel used;
  • (d) input rate, in kW (Btu/h);
  • (e) recovery efficiency;
  • (f) annual energy consumption, in kJ (Btu);
  • (g) first-hour rating, in L; and
  • (h) uniform energy factor.

49 The definition oil-fired water heater in section 378 of the Regulations is repealed.

50 (1) The portion of items 3 to 6 of Table 1 to section 380 of the Regulations in column 4 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 4

Period of Manufacture
3 On or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2025
4 On or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2025
5 On or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2025
6 On or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2025
(2) Table 1 to section 380 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following after item 6:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Energy Efficiency Standard

Column 4

Period of Manufacture
7 Household oil-fired water heaters 10 C.F.R. Appendix E Must have at least one of the following:
  • (a) uniform energy factor of ≥ 0.2509 − 0.00032 Veff, if draw pattern is very-small-usage draw pattern;
  • (b) uniform energy factor ≥ 0.5330 − 0.00042 Veff, if draw minus?pattern is low-usage;
  • (c) uniform energy factor ≥ 0.6078 − 0.00042 Veff, if draw pattern is medium-usage;
  • (d) uniform energy factor ≥ 0.6815 − 0.00037 Veff, if draw pattern is high-usage.
 On or after January 1, 2025
51 (1) The portion of item 1 of the table to section 381 of the Regulations in column 3 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 3

Information
1
  • (a) input rate, in kW (Btu/h);
  • (b) recovery efficiency;
  • (c) annual energy consumption, in kJ (Btu);
  • (d) first-hour rating, in L;
  • (e) Vr; and
  • (f) energy factor.
(2) Item 2 of the table to section 381 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Information
2 Household oil-fired water heaters that are manufactured on or after January 1, 2018 and before January 1, 2025 CSA B211-00, if a certification body has verified that product is in compliance with energy efficiency standard set out in any of paragraphs 3(a), 4(a), 5(a) and 6(a) of Table 1 to section 380 CSA P.3-15, if a certification body has verified that product is in compliance with energy efficiency standard set out in any of paragraphs 3(b), 4(b), 5(b) and 6(b) of Table 1 to section 380.
  • (a) input rate, kW (Btu/h);
  • (b) recovery efficiency;
  • (c) annual energy consumption, in kJ (Btu);
  • (d) first-hour rating, in L;
  • (e) Vr;
  • (f) energy factor; and
  • (g) uniform energy factor and Vs, if a certification body has verified that product is in compliance with energy efficiency standard set out in any of paragraphs 3(b), 4(b), 5(b) and 6(b) of Table 1 to section 380.
2.1 Household oil-fired water heaters that are manufactured on or after January 1, 2025 10 C.F.R. Appendix E
  • (a) Vr;
  • b) Veff;
  • (c) input rate, in kW (Btu/h);
  • (d) recovery efficiency;
  • (e) annual energy consumption, in kJ (Btu);
  • (f) first-hour rating, in L; and
  • (g) uniform energy factor.

52 The definition gas-fired instantaneous water heater in section 382 of the Regulations is repealed.

53 The table to section 385 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:

TABLE
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Energy Efficiency Standard

Column 4

Manufacturing Period
1 Household gas-fired instantaneous water heaters that have a maximum flow rate of < 6.4 L/min CSA P.3-15 Uniform energy factor ≥ 0.86 On or after January 1, 2020 and before January 1, 2025
2 Household gas-fired instantaneous water heaters that have a maximum flow rate of ≥ 6.4 L/min CSA P.3-15 Uniform energy factor ≥ 0.87 On or after January 1, 2020 and before January 1, 2025
3 Household gas-fired instantaneous water heaters that have a maximum flow rate of < 6.4 L/min 10 C.F.R. Appendix E Uniform energy factor ≥ 0.86 On or after January 1, 2025
4 Household gas-fired instantaneous water heaters that have a maximum flow rate of ≥ 6.4 L/min 10 C.F.R. Appendix E Uniform energy factor ≥ 0.87 On or after January 1, 2025
5 Commercial gas-fired instantaneous water heaters 10 C.F.R. Appendix C Thermal efficiency ≥ 94% On or after July 1, 2023
54 (1) The portion of item 1 of the table to section 386 of the Regulations in column 1 is replaced by the following:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product
1 Household gas-fired instantaneous water heaters manufactured on or after January 1, 2020 and before January 1, 2025
(2) The table to section 386 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following after item 1:
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Information
1.1 Household gas-fired instantaneous water heaters manufactured on or after January 1, 2025 10 C.F.R. Appendix E
  • (a) Vr;
  • (b) Veff;
  • (c) type of fuel used;
  • (d) input rate, in kW (Btu/h);
  • (e) maximum flow rate; and
  • (f) uniform energy factor.

55 (1) The definitions appliance lamp, coloured lamp, IES LM45, IES LM49, IES LM65, incandescent reflector lamp, infrared lamp, modified spectrum lamp, rough service lamp, shatter-resistant lamp, silver bowl lamp, submersible lamp and vibration service lamp in section 424 of the Regulations are repealed.

(2) The definitions CIE 13.3, CIE 15 and plant lamp in section 424 of the Regulations are replaced by the following:

CIE 13.3
means the CIE standard CIE 013.3-1995 entitled Method of Measuring and Specifying Colour Rendering Properties of Light Sources. (CIE 13.3)
CIE 15
means the CIE standard CIE 015:2004 entitled Colorimetry. (CIE 15)
plant lamp
means a lamp that is designed and marketed for plant growing applications and emits its highest radiant power peaks in the range of 440 to 490 nm, 620 to 740 nm or both of these ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum. (lampe pour horticulture)

(3) Section 424 of the Regulations is amended by adding the following in alphabetical order:

colour rendering index
means the measured degree of colour shift that objects undergo when they are illuminated by a light source as compared with the colour of those same objects when they are illuminated by a reference source of comparable colour temperature. (indice de rendu des couleurs)

56 Section 425 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:

Label required

425 (1) Every general service lamp that is manufactured on January 1, 2026 or after and that, for the purpose of sale or lease, is shipped from one province to another or imported into Canada must be labelled in accordance with sections 426 to 429.

Former regulations apply

(2) Every lamp referred to in section 425 of the former Regulations that is manufactured before January 1, 2026 and that, for the purpose of sale or lease, is shipped from one province to another or imported into Canada must be labelled in accordance with sections 426 to 429 of those Regulations.

57 (1) Paragraphs 426(1)(a) to (c) of the Regulations are replaced by the following:

(2) Subsections 426(2) to (5) of the Regulations are replaced by the following:

Font and size

(2) The words “Light output”, “Flux lumineux”, “Efficacy”, “Efficacité”, “Power”, “Puissance”, “Life”, “Durée de vie”, “Light appearance” and “Apparence de la lumière” must be in the same font and be equal in size.

Font and size — units

(3) The words “lumens”, “lumens/watt”, “watts”, “hours”, “heures” and “Kelvin” and the upper case letter “K” must be in the same font and be equal in size, but they must not be more than 50% of the size of the words referred to in subsection (2).

Font and size — numerical values

(4) The numerical values indicating the product’s luminous flux, efficacy, nominal power, life and correlated colour temperature must be in the same font and be equal in size.

Three-way lamps

(5) If the product is a three-way lamp, the information required by paragraphs (1)(a) to (c) must be displayed for each level of the lamp’s operation.

Variable correlated colour temperature

(6) If the product has a variable correlated colour temperature, the information required by paragraph (1)(e) must be displayed for the lamp’s range of operation or for each level of its operation.

58 Section 427 of the Regulations is replaced with the following:

Lamp model number

427 The lamp model number must be indicated on both the product packaging and the lamp itself.

59 The heading before section 430 and sections 430 to 432 of the Regulations are repealed.

60 Subsection 433(1) of the Regulations is replaced by the following:

Definitions

433 (1) The following definitions apply in this Subdivision.

appliance lamp
means a lamp that
  • (a) is designed and marketed to operate in a household appliance such as a refrigerator, oven or vacuum cleaner; and
  • (b) has a maximum wattage of no more than 40 W. (lampe pour appareil domestiques)
black light lamp
means an ultraviolet lamp that has its highest radiant power peaks in the UV-A band (315 to 400 nm) of the electromagnetic spectrum. (lampe à lumière noire)
bug lamp
means a lamp that has radiant power peaks above 550 nm on the electromagnetic spectrum and a visible yellow coating. (lampe anti-insectes)
CFL
means a compact fluorescent lamp that has an integrated or non-integrated single base. It does not include circline or U-shaped lamps. (LFC)
coloured lamp
means a lamp that is designed and marketed as a coloured lamp and that, in each of its modes of operation, has,
  • (a) if it is an incandescent lamp,
    • (i) a colour rendering index of less than 50, as determined in accordance with CIE 13.3, or
    • (ii) a correlated colour temperature of less than 2500 K or greater than 4600 K; and
  • (b) if it is a lamp other than an incandescent lamp,
    • (i) a colour rendering index of less than 40, as determined in accordance with CIE 13.3, or
    • (ii) a correlated colour temperature of less than 2500 K or greater than 7000 K. (lampe colorée)
fluorescent lamp
means a low-pressure mercury, electric-discharge source in which a fluorescing coating transforms some of the ultraviolet energy generated by the mercury discharge into light. (lampe fluorescente)
general lighting application
means lighting that provides an interior or exterior area with overall illumination. (source d’éclairage général)
general service incandescent lamp
means a standard incandescent lamp, including a halogen type lamp, that is intended for general lighting applications and that
  • (a) has a medium screw base;
  • (b) has a lumen range of not less than 310 lm and not more than 2600 lm or, in the case of a modified spectrum incandescent lamp, not less than 232 lm and not more than 1950 lm; and
  • (c) is capable of being operated at a voltage range that is at least partially within 110 V and 130 V.
It does not include
  • (d) an appliance lamp;
  • (e) a black light lamp;
  • (f) a bug lamp;
  • (g) a coloured lamp;
  • (h) a G-shape lamp, as specified in ANSI C78.79, with a diameter of 127 mm (5 in) or more;
  • (i) an infrared lamp;
  • (j) a left-hand thread lamp;
  • (k) a marine lamp;
  • (l) a marine signal service lamp;
  • (m) a mine service lamp;
  • (n) a plant lamp;
  • (o) an R20 short lamp;
  • (p) a sign service lamp;
  • (q) a silver bowl lamp;
  • (r) a showcase lamp; or
  • (s) a traffic signal lamp. (lampe à incandescence standard)
general service incandescent reflector lamp
means any lamp in which light is produced by a filament heated to incandescence by an electric current and that
  • (a) contains an inner reflective coating on the outer bulb to direct the light;
  • (b) has an R, PAR, ER, BR, BPAR or similar bulb shape with an E26 medium screw base;
  • (c) has a rated voltage or voltage range that lies at least partially in the range of 115 V to 130 V;
  • (d) has a diameter exceeding 57 mm (2.25 inches); and
  • (e) has a rated wattage of 40 W or higher.
It does not include
  • (f) a coloured lamp;
  • (g) a rough service lamp;
  • (h) a vibration service lamp; or
  • (i) an R20 short lamp. (lampe-réflecteur à incandescence standard)
general service lamp
means an electrical device that is used in general lighting applications and has the following features:
  • (a) it has a base that complies with ANSI C81.61;
  • (b) it is able to operate, in the case of an integrated lamp;
    • (i) at a voltage of 12 V or 24V,
    • (ii) at or between 100 V and 130 V,
    • (iii) at or between 220 V and 240 V, or
    • (iv) at 277 V or 347 V;
  • (c) it is able to operate at any voltage, in the case of a non-integrated lamp, and
  • (d) it has an initial lumen output of
    • (i) at least 310 lm but no more than 3300 lm, or
    • (ii) in the case of a modified spectrum incandescent lamp, at least 232 lm but no more than 3300 lm.
It includes
  • (e) a general service incandescent lamp;
  • (f) a general service incandescent reflector lamp;
  • (g) a CFL;
  • (h) a general service LED lamp; and
  • (i) a general service OLED lamp.
It does not include
  • (j) a light fixture;
  • (k) an LED downlight retrofit kit;
  • (l) an appliance lamp;
  • (m) a black light lamp;
  • (n) a bug lamp;
  • (o) a coloured lamp;
  • (p) a G-shape lamp, as specified in ANSI C78.79, with a diameter of 127 mm (5 inches) or more;
  • (q) a high-intensity discharge lamp;
  • (r) an infrared lamp;
  • (s) a J-, JC-, JCD-, JCS-, JCV- JCX-, JD-, JS- or JT-shape lamp that does not have an Edison screw base as defined in ANSI C81.61;
  • (t) a lamp that has a wedge base or pre-focus base;
  • (u) a left-hand thread lamp;
  • (v) a marine lamp;
  • (w) a marine signal service lamp;
  • (x) a mine service lamp;
  • (y) an MR-shape lamp that has a first number symbol equal to 16 (diameter equal to 51 mm or 2 inches), as described in ANSI C78.79, operates at 12 V, and has a lumen output greater than or equal to 800 lm;;
  • (z) a fluorescent lamp other than a CFL;
  • (z.1) a plant lamp;
  • (z.2) an R20 short lamp;
  • (z.3) a reflector lamp that
    • (i) has a first number symbol less than 16 (diameter less than 51 mm or 2 inches), as described in ANSI C78.79, and
    • (ii) does not have an E26/E24, E26d, E26/50x39, E26/53x39, E29/28, E29/53x39, E39, E39d, EP39 or EX39 base;
  • (z.4) an S-shape or G-shape lamp that has a first number symbol less than or equal to 12.5 (diameter less than or equal to 40 mm or 1.5625 inches), as described in ANSI C78.79;
  • (z.5) a sign service lamp;
  • (z.6) a silver bowl lamp;
  • (z.7) a showcase lamp;
  • (z.8) a specialty MR lamp;
  • (z.9) a T-shape lamp, other than a CFL, that
    • (i) has a first number symbol less than or equal to 8 (diameter less than or equal to 25 mm or 1 inch), as described in ANSI C78.79, and
    • (ii) has a nominal overall length less than 305 mm (12 inches); or
  • (z.10) a traffic signal lamp. (lampe standard)
general service LED lamp
means an integrated or non-integrated lamp that is designed for use in general lighting applications and that uses light-emitting diodes as the primary source of light. (lampe à DEL standard)
general service OLED lamp
means an integrated or non-integrated lamp that is designed for use in general lighting applications and that uses organic light-emitting diodes as the primary source of light. (lampe à DELO standard)
infrared lamp
means a lamp that
  • (a) has its highest radiant power peaks in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum (770 nm to 1 mm);
  • (b) has a rated wattage of 125 W or greater; and
  • (c) provides heat as its primary purpose. (lampe infrarouge)
integrated
in relation to a lamp, means containing all of the components necessary for the starting and stable operation of the lamp, not including any replaceable or interchangeable parts, and being connected directly to a branch circuit through a base and corresponding socket that comply with ANSI standards. (intégrée)
LED downlight retrofit kit
means a retrofit kit that is designed and marketed to install into an existing downlight for the purpose of replacing the existing light source and related electrical components with a light source that uses light-emitting diodes as the primary source of light. It includes a kit that employs an ANSI standard lamp base, either integrated or connected to the downlight retrofit by wire leads. The term does not include lamps. (ensemble de conversion à DEL)
left-hand thread lamp
means a lamp with the direction of threads on the lamp base oriented in the left-hand direction. (lampe à filetage à gauche)
light fixture
means a complete lighting unit consisting of at least one light source and at least one ballast or driver, together with the parts designed to distribute the light, to position and protect the light sources and to connect the light sources to the power supply. (luminaire)
marine lamp
means a lamp that is designed and marketed for use on boats and that can operate at a voltage of at or between 12 V and 13.5 V. (lampe marine)
modified spectrum incandescent lamp
means an incandescent lamp that, when operated at the rated voltage and wattage of the lamp, has a colour point on the CIE 1931 chromaticity diagram, figure 2, page 3 of IES LM16 that lies
  • (a) below the black-body locus; and
  • (b) at least 4 MacAdam steps, as referenced in IES LM16, distant from the colour point of a clear lamp with the same filament and bulb shape, operated at the same rated voltage and wattage.
It does not include a coloured incandescent lamp. (lampe à incandescence à spectre modifié)
reflector lamp
means a lamp that has an R, PAR, BPAR, BR, ER, MR or similar bulb shape, as described in ANSI C78.20 and ANSI C78.79, and that is used to provide directional light. (lampe-réflecteur
rough service lamp
means a lamp that is marketed as a rough service lamp and has any of the following filament constructions, as illustrated in figure 6.12 of the IES Handbook:
  • (a) a C-7A or C-11 filament construction with at least five supports exclusive of lead wires;
  • (b) a C-17 filament construction with eight supports exclusive of lead wires;
  • (c) a C-22 filament construction with 16 supports exclusive of lead wires. (lampe à construction renforcée)
R20 short lamp
means a lamp that is an R20 incandescent reflector lamp that is designed, labelled and marketed for pool and spa applications and that
  • (a) has a rated wattage of 100 W; and
  • (b) has a maximum overall length of 92 mm (3.625 inches). (lampe courte R20)
shatter-resistant lamp
means a lamp that is designed and marketed as a shatter-resistant, shatter-proof or shatter-protected lamp and has an external silicone, polytetrafluoroethylene or similar coating applied to it for the purpose of resisting breakage and preventing glass from reaching its environment in the event of breakage. (lampe résistante à l’éclatement)
showcase lamp
means a lamp that is designed and marketed for use in a showcase, has a T-shape, as described in ANSI C78.20 or ANSI C78.79, and has a maximum rated wattage of 75 W. (lampe de vitrine)
sign service lamp
means a vacuum type or gas-filled lamp that is designed and marketed for use in a sign and that
  • (a) has sufficiently low bulb temperature to permit exposed outdoor use on high-speed flashing circuits; and
  • (b) has a maximum rated wattage of 15 W. (lampe d’enseigne)
silver bowl lamp
means a lamp that is marketed as a silver bowl lamp and that has an opaque reflective coating that is applied directly to a part of the bulb surface so that the light is reflected toward the lamp base. (lampe à calotte argentée)
specialty MR lamp
means a lamp that is designed and marketed for a specialty application and that has an MR shape, as described in ANSI C78.79, a diameter of less than or equal to 57 mm (2.25 inches) and a lifetime of 300 hours or less. (lampe MR spécialisée)
10 C.F.R. 430.23(gg)
means paragraph 430.23(gg) of Subpart B, Part 430 of Title 10 to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, as amended from time to time. (10 C.F.R. 430.23(gg))
three-way incandescent lamp
means an incandescent lamp that is marketed as a three-way lamp and that employs two filaments, operated separately and in combination, to provide three light levels. (lampe à incandescence à trois intensités)
traffic signal lamp
means a lamp that is designed and marketed for use in a traffic signal module, as defined in section 523 and that has a lifetime of 8000 hours or greater. (lampe de signalisation routière)
TSD D7SB001
means the technical standards document D7SB001 published by the Minister and entitled General Service Lamps: Energy Efficiency Standards for General Service Lamps. (DNT D7SB001)
vibration service lamp
means a lamp that is sold at retail in packages of one or two, is designed and marketed as a vibration service lamp and
  • (a) has a maximum nominal power of 60 W;and
  • (b) has a C-5, C-7A or C-9 filament construction, as illustrated in figure 6.12 of the IES Handbook, or a similar configuration.

61 Subsection 434(2) of the Regulations is replaced by the following:

Limits

(2) However, for the purposes of sections 4, 5, 435 and 436, a general service lamp is not considered to be an energy-using product if

62 Sections 435 to 444 of the Regulations are replaced by the following:

Energy efficiency standards

435 (1) The energy efficiency standards set out in TSD D7SB001 apply to general service lamps.

Testing standard

(2) A general service lamp complies with the energy efficiency standard if it meets that standard when tested in accordance with the applicable testing procedures established by 10 C.F.R. 430.23(gg).

Information

436 For the purpose of subsection 5(1) of the Act, the following information must be provided to the Minister in respect of a general service lamp:

63 (1) The Regulations are amended by adding the following after section 436:

Transitional provision – early compliance

436.1 A general service lamp as defined in section 433 of the new Regulations that is not a lamp referred to in paragraph 434(2)(a) or (b) of those Regulations and that satisfies the requirements of those Regulations is deemed to satisfy the requirements of sections 4, 5, 435 and 436.

(2) Section 436.1 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:

Former Regulations apply

436.1 (1) The former Regulations continue to apply with respect to the following:

Meanings

(2) Words and expressions used in subsection (1) have the same meaning as in the former Regulations.

64 The reference "[594 to 634 reserved]" after section 593 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:

SUBDIVISION F

Line Voltage Thermostats

Definitions

594 The following definitions apply in this Subdivision.

control point
means the temperature value, measured at the centre of the test room, that is used to verify the performance of the line voltage thermostat at the set point. (température de contrôle)
CSA C828-19
means the CSA standard CSA C828:19 entitled Performance requirements for line voltage thermostats used with individual room electric space heating devices. (CSA C828-19)
differential
means the difference between the maximum and minimum air temperatures at the centre of the test chamber, calculated at 50% duty cycle. (différentielle)
droop
means the difference between the minimum air temperatures at the centre of the test chamber calculated at 20% and 80% duty cycle, respectively. (dérive)
line voltage thermostat
means a thermostat that is used with a line voltage of between 120 V and 240 V and that is intended for switching of a controlled resistive heating load, and that is one of the following:
  • (a) a wall-mounted thermostat used with baseboards, panel convectors or radiant floors;
  • (b) a built-in thermostathaving a nominal load from 1000 W to 1500 W used in baseboards or panel convectors; or
  • (c) a two-component thermostat.
It does not include thermostats used exclusively for or built into
  • (d) fan-forced heaters;
  • (e) kick space heaters;
  • (f) fireplaces;
  • (g) thermal storage heaters;
  • (h) electric baseboards and convectors incorporating both convection and radiant heating elements;
  • (i) portable heaters; or
  • (j) central heating units under the control of a single thermostat. (thermostat à tension de secteur)

Energy-using product

595 (1) A line voltage thermostat is prescribed as an energy-using product.

Limit

(2) However, for the purposes of sections 4, 5, 596 and 597, a line voltage thermostat is not considered to be an energy-using product unless it is manufactured on or after January 1, 2025.

Energy efficiency standards

596 (1) The energy efficiency standards set out in clause 4.4 of CSA C828-19 apply to a line voltage thermostat.

Testing standard

(2) A line voltage thermostat complies with the energy efficiency standard when tested in accordance with the applicable testing procedures established by CSA C828-19.

Information

597 For the purpose of subsection 5(1) of the Act, the following information must be collected in accordance with CSA C828-19 and provided to the Minister in respect of a line voltage thermostat:

[598 to 634 reserved]

65 The definitions IEC 60034-2-1 and IEEE 112 in section 748 of the Regulations are replaced by the following:

IEC 60034-2-1
means the IEC standard CEI/IEC 60034-2-1 entitled Rotating electrical machines – Part 2-1: Standard methods for determining losses and efficiency from tests (excluding machines for traction vehicles). (CEI 60034-2-1)
IEEE 112
means the IEEE standard IEEE 112 entitled Standard Test Procedure for Polyphase Induction Motors and Generators. (IEEE 112)

66 The reference "[757 to 799 reserved]" after section 756 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:

[757 to 798 reserved]

67 (1) The heading of Division 13 of the Regulations is replaced by the following:

Plumbing Supply Fittings

(2) The Regulations are amended by adding the following before section 800:

Definition of 10 C.F.R. Appendix S

799 In this Division, 10 C.F.R. Appendix S means Appendix S to Subpart B, Part 430 of Title 10 to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, entitled Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Water Consumption of Faucets and Showerheads, as amended from time to time.

SUBDIVISION A
Commercial Pre-Rinse Spray Valves

68 The portion of section 800 of the Regulations before the first definition is replaced by the following:

Definitions

800 The following definitions apply in this Subdivision.

69 The Regulations are amended by adding the following after section 803:

SUBDIVISION B
Faucets

Definitions

803.1 The following definitions apply in this Subdivision.

faucet
means
  • (a) a private lavatory faucet;
  • (b) a private lavatory faucet replacement aerator;
  • (c) a public lavatory faucet;
  • (d) a public lavatory faucet replacement aerator;
  • (e) a kitchen faucet, except those for use in industrial, commercial or institutional kitchens;
  • (f) a kitchen faucet replacement aerator, except those for use in industrial, commercial or institutional kitchens; or
  • (g) a metering faucet.

It does not include a low-pressure water dispenser or a pot filler. (robinet)

low-pressure water dispenser
means a terminal fitting that dispenses drinking water at a pressure of 105 kPa (15 psi) or less. (distributeur d’eau à basse pression)
pot filler
means a terminal fitting that can accommodate only a single supply water inlet, with an articulated arm or the equivalent that allows the product to reach to fill vessels when in use and allows the product to be retracted when not in use. (robinet remplisseur)

Energy-using product

803.2 (1) A faucet is prescribed as an energy-using product.

Limit

(2) However, for the purposes of sections 4, 5 and 803.3, a faucet is not considered to be an energy-using product unless it is manufactured on or after July 1, 2026.

Energy efficiency standards

803.3 (1) The energy efficiency standards set out in column 2 of the table to this section apply to faucets described in column 1.

Testing standard

(2) A faucet complies with the energy efficiency standard if it meets that standard when tested in accordance with the applicable testing procedures established by 10 C.F.R. Appendix S.

TABLE
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Energy Efficiency Standard
1 Private lavatory faucets and private lavatory faucet replacement aerators Maximum water flow rate ≤ 4.7 L/min (1.2 US gallons/min) measured at 414 kPa (60 psi)
2 Public lavatory faucets — other than metering faucets — and public lavatory faucet replacement aerators Maximum water flow rate ≤ 2.0 L/min (0.5 US gallons/min) measured at 414 kPa (60 psi)
3 Kitchen faucets and kitchen faucet replacement aerators Maximum water flow rate ≤ 7.0 L/min (1.8 US gallons/min), with optional temporary flow rate ≤ 8.5 L/min (2.2 US gallons/min) measured at 414 kPa (60 psi)
4 Metering faucets Maximum water flow rate ≤ 0.95 L/cycle (0.25 US gallons/cycle) measured at 414 kPa (60 psi)

Information

803.4 For the purpose of subsection 5(1) of the Act, the following information must be collected in accordance with 10 C.F.R. Appendix S and provided to the Minister in respect of a faucet:

SUBDIVISION C
Showerheads

Definition of showerhead

803.5 In this Subdivision, showerhead means a component or set of components with one or multiple nozzles that is intended for attachment to a single supply fitting for spraying water onto a bather . It does not include a showerhead intended for the emergency washing of a person who has been exposed to hazardous materials by flushing the body with water.
)

Energy-using product

803.6 (1) A showerhead is prescribed as an energy-using product.

Limit

(2) However, for the purposes of sections 4, 5 and 803.7, a showerhead is not considered to be an energy-using product unless it is manufactured on or after July 1, 2026.

Energy efficiency standard

803.7 (1) The energy efficiency standards set out in column 2 of the table to this section apply to showerheads described in column 1. For showerheads with multiple nozzles, the maximum water flow rate applies regardless of the number of nozzles in use.

Testing standard

(2) A showerhead complies with the energy efficiency standard if it meets that standard when tested in accordance with the applicable testing procedures established by 10 C.F.R. Appendix S.

TABLE
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Energy Efficiency Standard
1 Showerheads with one nozzle Maximum water flow rate ≤ 7.0 L/min (1.8 U.S. gallons/min) measured at 552 kPa (80 psi)
2 Showerheads with multiple nozzles Maximum water flow rate ≤ 7.0 L/min (1.8 U.S. gallons/min) measured at 552 kPa (80 psi)

Information

803.8 For the purpose of subsection 5(1) of the Act, the following information must be collected in accordance with 10 C.F.R. Appendix S and provided to the Minister in respect of a showerhead:

70 The Regulations are amended by adding the following after section 807:

SUBDIVISION B
Pool Pumps

Definitions

808 The following definitions apply in this Subdivision.

pool pump
means a pump that is designed for use with a pool or spaand that is one of the following :
  • (a) a filter pump having a hydraulic power less than 1.865 kW (2.5 HP);
  • (b) a pressure cleaner booster pump;
  • (c) a waterfall pump with a maximum head less than or equal to 9.144 m (30 ft) and a maximum speed less than or equal to 1800 RPM;
  • (d) a pump with an integral sand filter;
  • (e) a pump with an integral cartridge filter;
  • (f) a pump for a storable electric spa; or
  • (g) a pump for a rigid electric spa.
It does not include
  • (h) a clean water pump;
  • (i) a circulator pump;
  • (j) a submersible pump ; or
  • (k) a pool filter pump with hydraulic output power equal to or greater than 1.865 kW (2.5 HP). (pompe de piscine)
10 C.F.R. 431.465(f)
means the table to paragraph (f) of section 431.465 of Subpart Y, Part 431 of Title 10 to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, as amended from time to time. (10 C.F.R. 431.465(f))
10 C.F.R. 431.465(g)
means paragraph (g) of section 431.465 of Subpart Y, Part 431 of Title 10 to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, as amended from time to time. (10 C.F.R. 431.465(g))
10 C.F.R. 431.465(h)
means paragraph (h) of section 431.465 of Subpart Y, Part 431 of Title 10 to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, as amended from time to time. (10 C.F.R. 431.465(h))
10 C.F.R. Appendix C
means Appendix C to Subpart Y, Part 431 of Title 10 to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, entitled Uniform Test Method for the Measurement of Energy Efficiency of Dedicated-Purpose Pool Pumps, as amended from time to time. (10 C.F.R. appendice C)

Energy-using product

809 (1) A pool pump is prescribed as an energy-using product.

Limit

(2) However, for the purposes of sections 4, 5 and 810, a pool pump is not considered to be an energy-using product unless it is manufactured on or after January 1, 2025.

Energy efficiency standards

810 (1) The energy efficiency standards set out in column 3 of the table to this section apply to pool pumps described in column 1.

Testing standard

(2) A pool pump complies with the energy efficiency standard if it meets that standard when tested in accordance with any applicable testing procedures established by the standard set out in column 2 of the table to this section.

TABLE
Item

Column 1

Energy-using Product

Column 2

Testing Standard

Column 3

Energy Efficiency Standard
1 Self-priming pool filter pumps that have a single phase electric motor and hydraulic horsepower of 0.711 HP or more but less than 2.5 HP 10 C.F.R. Appendix C
  • 10 C.F.R. 431.465(f)
  • 10 C.F.R. 431.465(h)
2 Self-priming pool filter pumps that have a single phase electric motor and hydraulic horsepower of less than 0.711 HP 10 C.F.R. Appendix C
  • 10 C.F.R. 431.465(f)
  • 10 C.F.R. 431.465(h)
3 Non-self-priming pool filter pumps that have hydraulic horsepower of less than 2.5 HP 10 C.F.R. Appendix C
  • 10 C.F.R. 431.465(f)
  • 10 C.F.R. 431.465(h)
4 Pressure cleaner booster pumps 10 C.F.R. Appendix C
  • 10 C.F.R. 431.465(f)
  • 10 C.F.R. 431.465(h)
5 Waterfall pumps 10 C.F.R. Appendix C 10 C.F.R. 431.465(h)
6 Integral sand filter pool pumps None
  • 10 C.F.R. 431.465(g)
  • 10 C.F.R. 431.465(h)
7 Integral cartridge filter pool pumps None
  • 10 C.F.R. 431.465(g)
  • 10 C.F.R. 431.465(h)
8 Storable spa pumps None 10 C.F.R. 431.465(h)
9 Rigid spa pumps None 10 C.F.R. 431.465(h)

Information

811 For the purpose of subsection 5(1) of the Act, the following information must be provided to the Minister in respect of a pool pump:

DIVISION 15

Air Compressors

Definitions

812 The following definitions apply in this Division.

compressor
means a machine or apparatus that converts different types of energy into the potential energy of gas pressure for displacement and compression of gaseous media to any pressure value above atmospheric pressure and has a pressure ratio at full-load operating pressure greater than 1.3. (compresseur)
air compressor
means a lubricated rotary compressor that is designed to compress air, that has an inlet open to the atmosphere or other source of air and that is made up of a compression element, one or more drivers, mechanical equipment to drive the compression element, any ancillary equipment and has all of the following features:
  • (a) it is driven by a brushless thee-phase electric motor;
  • (b) it i-s air- or liquid-cooled;
  • (c) it is fixed- or variable-speed;
  • (d) it has a full-load operating pressure greater than or equal to 0.52 MPa (75 psig) and less than or equal to 1.38 MPa (200 psig);
  • (e) it has a full-load actual volume flow rate greater than or equal to 0.99 m3/min (35 cfm), or one with a motor whose nominal power is greater than or equal to 7.46 kW (10 HP);
  • (f) it has a full-load actual volume flow rate less than or equal to 35.4 m3/min (1250 cfm), or is sold or supplied with a compressor motor whose nominal power is less than or equal to 149.14 kW (200 HP).
It does not include
  • (g) a liquid ring compressor;
  • (h) a rotary-type positive displacement compressor for use in the petroleum, petrochemical or natural gas industries; or
  • (i) a reciprocating compressor. (compresseur d’air)
10 C.F.R. Appendix A
means Appendix A to Subpart T, Part 431 of Title 10 to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, entitled Uniform Test Method for Certain Air Compressors, as amended from time to time. (appendice A 10 C.F.R.)
10 C.F.R. 431.345
means the table to section 431.345 to Subpart T, Part 431 of Title 10 to the United States Code of Federal Regulations, as amended from time to time. (10 C.F.R. 431.345)

Energy-using product

813 (1) An air compressor is prescribed as an energy-using product.

Limit

(2) However, for the purposes of sections 4, 5 and 814, an air compressor is not considered to be an energy-using product unless it is manufactured on or after January 10, 2025.

Energy efficiency standard

814 (1) The energy efficiency standard that applies to an air compressor is the minimum package isentropic efficiency set out for the applicable equipment class in 10 C.F.R. 431.345.

Testing standard

(2) An air compressor complies with the energy efficiency standard if it meets that standard when tested in accordance with the applicable testing procedures established by 10 C.F.R. Appendix A.

Information

815 For the purpose of subsection 5(1) of the Act, the following information must be collected in accordance with 10 C.F.R. Appendix A and provided to the Minister in respect of an air compressor:

71 The Regulations are amended by adding, after Schedule 3, the Schedule 4 set out in the schedule to these Regulations.

Coming into Force

72 (1) Subject to subsection (2), these Regulations come into force on the day that, in the sixth month after the month in which these Regulations are published in the Canada Gazette, Part II, has the same calendar number as the day on which they are published or, if that sixth month has no day with that number, the last day of that sixth month.

(2) Subsections 1(1), 18(1), 21(1), 33(1), 36(1), 40(1), 45(1) and 63(1) come into force on the day on which these Regulations are published in the Canada Gazette, Part II.

SCHEDULE

(Section 71)

SCHEDULE 4

(Section 147)

Explanation for Elements on Portable Air Conditioner Energy Efficiency Label

Explanation for Elements on Portable Air Conditioner Energy Efficiency Label – Text version below the image

Explanation for Elements on Portable Air Conditioner Energy Efficiency Label - Text version

The graphic depicts the form of the bilingual EnerGuide label for a portable air conditioner manufactured on or after January 10, 2025 and provides instructions for the information that must be on the label. Except for the EnerGuide logo, which has white text on a black background, all text on the label is black on a white background. The label displays the following information about the portable air conditioner: its combined energy efficiency ratio, the product category and its model number. The label also displays a horizontal scale that shows the combined energy efficiency ratio of the product relative to other products of the same category. From top to bottom, the elements of the label and their associated instructions are the following: The Canada word-mark is at the top of the graphic. The EnerGuide logo is prominently displayed underneath the Canada word-mark. Below, under the heading “Combined Energy Efficiency Ratio”, the value “A.A” is prominently displayed. The instruction for this value states “Replace “A.A” with combined energy efficiency ratio of portable air conditioner.” Next, the label depicts a gradient scale that gradually changes from black on the left to white on the right. The value “B.B” is displayed at the left endpoint of the scale, immediately above a bolded heading that states “Least energy efficient”. The instruction for this value states “Replace “B.B” with the value of least energy-efficient model.” The value “C.C” is displayed at the right endpoint of the scale, immediately above a bolded heading that states “Most energy efficient”. The instruction for this value states “Replace “C.C” with value of most energy-efficient model.” Immediately above the scale and depicted as an inverted black triangle is the combined energy efficiency ratio indicator that is used to mark the relative energy efficiency of the product at issue. The instruction for this indicator states “Position model on combined energy efficiency ratio scale relative to others.” Next below, at the left margin, is the heading “Similar models compared”. The value “DDD”, which related to this heading, is centered on the graphic. The instruction for this value states “Replace “DDD” with single-duct and dual-duct portable air conditioners.” Next below, at the left margin, is the heading “Model number”. The value “FFF”, which is related to this heading, is centered on the graphic. The instruction for this value states “Replace “FFF” with model number.” Lastly, the graphic provides a reminder that “Removal of this label before first retail purchase is an offence (S.C. 1992, c. 36)”.

SCHEDULE 4 (CONTINUED)

Explanation for Elements on Portable Air Conditioner Energy Efficiency Label – Text version below the image

Explanation for Elements on Portable Air Conditioner Energy Efficiency Label - Text version

The graphic depicts the form of the bilingual EnerGuide label for a portable air conditioner manufactured on or after January 10, 2025 and provides the external dimensions of the label and the font types and sizes. The exterior dimensions of the label are 13.49 cm by 14.76 cm. The colour of the label is black and white. The font and size requirements of the elements of the graphic, from top to bottom, are the following: The EnerGuide logo is in 42.8 pt. Helvetica black, with -2.5 pt. letter spacing. The heading “Combined Energy Efficiency Ratio” is in 9 pt. Helvetica bold. The acronym “CEER” is located immediately beside that heading, is boxed and is in 10 pt. Helvetica bold, with -2 pt. letter spacing. The value “A.A” is in 82 pt. Helvetica bold, with -2 pt. letter spacing. The words “This model”, which appear next to the combined energy ratio indicator, are in 8 pt. Helvetica. The values “B.B” and “C.C” are in 10 pt. Helvetica. The headings “Least energy-efficient” and “Most energy-efficient” are in 11.5/12 pt. Helvetica bold. The headings “Similar models compared” and “Model number” are in 9.5 pt. Helvetica. The value “DDD” is in 10 pt. Helvetica bold. The value “FFF” is in 11 pt. Helvetica bold. The offence reminder statement is in 7 pt. Helvetica.

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